Odyssey

When the child of morning, rosy-fingered Dawn, appeared, Telemakhos bound on his sandals and took a strong spear that suited his hands, for he wanted to go into the city. "Old friend," said he to the swineherd, "I will now go to the town and show myself to my mother, for she will never leave off grieving till she has seen me. As for this unfortunate stranger, take him to the town and let him beg there of any one who will give him a drink and a piece of bread. I have trouble enough of my own, and cannot be burdened with other people. If this makes him angry so much the worse for him, but I like to tell the truth [ alêthês ]."

ἦμος δʼ ἠριγένεια φάνη ῥοδοδάκτυλος Ἠώς,

δὴ τότʼ ἔπειθʼ ὑπὸ ποσσὶν ἐδήσατο καλὰ πέδιλα

Τηλέμαχος, φίλος υἱὸς Ὀδυσσῆος θείοιο,

εἵλετο δʼ ἄλκιμον ἔγχος, ὅ οἱ παλάμηφιν ἀρήρει,

ἄστυδε ἱέμενος, καὶ ἑὸν προσέειπε συβώτην·

ἄττʼ, ἦ τοι μὲν ἐγὼν εἶμʼ ἐς πόλιν, ὄφρα με μήτηρ

ὄψεται· οὐ γάρ μιν πρόσθεν παύσεσθαι ὀΐω

κλαυθμοῦ τε στυγεροῖο γόοιό τε δακρυόεντος,

πρίν γʼ αὐτόν με ἴδηται· ἀτὰρ σοί γʼ ὧδʼ ἐπιτέλλω.

τὸν ξεῖνον δύστηνον ἄγʼ ἐς πόλιν, ὄφρʼ ἂν ἐκεῖθι

δαῖτα πτωχεύῃ· δώσει δέ οἱ ὅς κʼ ἐθέλῃσι

πύρνον καὶ κοτύλην· ἐμὲ δʼ οὔ πως ἔστιν ἅπαντας

ἀνθρώπους ἀνέχεσθαι, ἔχοντά περ ἄλγεα θυμῷ·

ὁ ξεῖνος δʼ εἴ περ μάλα μηνίει, ἄλγιον αὐτῷ

ἔσσεται· ἦ γὰρ ἐμοὶ φίλʼ ἀληθέα μυθήσασθαι.

Then Odysseus said, "Sir, I do not want to stay here; a beggar can always do better in town than country, for any one who likes can give him something. I am too old to care about remaining here at the beck and call of a master. Therefore let this man do as you have just told him, and take me to the town as soon as I have had a warm by the fire, and the day has got a little heat in it. My clothes are wretchedly thin, and this frosty morning I shall be perished with cold, for you say the city is some way off."

τὸν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη πολύμητις Ὀδυσσεύς·

ὦ φίλος, οὐδέ τοι αὐτὸς ἐρύκεσθαι μενεαίνω·

πτωχῷ βέλτερόν ἐστι κατὰ πτόλιν ἠὲ κατʼ ἀγροὺς

δαῖτα πτωχεύειν· δώσει δέ μοι ὅς κʼ ἐθέλῃσιν.

οὐ γὰρ ἐπὶ σταθμοῖσι μένειν ἔτι τηλίκος εἰμί,

ὥστʼ ἐπιτειλαμένῳ σημάντορι πάντα πιθέσθαι.

ἀλλʼ ἔρχευ· ἐμὲ δʼ ἄξει ἀνὴρ ὅδε, τὸν σὺ κελεύεις,

αὐτίκʼ ἐπεί κε πυρὸς θερέω ἀλέη τε γένηται.

αἰνῶς γὰρ τάδε εἵματʼ ἔχω κακά· μή με δαμάσσῃ

στίβη ὑπηοίη· ἕκαθεν δέ τε ἄστυ φάτʼ εἶναι.

On this Telemakhos strode off through the yards, brooding his revenge upon the When he reached home he stood his spear against a bearing-post of the room, crossed the stone floor of the room itself, and went inside.

ὣς φάτο, Τηλέμαχος δὲ διὰ σταθμοῖο βεβήκει,

κραιπνὰ ποσὶ προβιβάς, κακὰ δὲ μνηστῆρσι φύτευεν.

αὐτὰρ ἐπεί ῥʼ ἵκανε δόμους εὖ ναιετάοντας,

ἔγχος μέν ῥʼ ἔστησε φέρων πρὸς κίονα μακρήν,

αὐτὸς δʼ εἴσω ἴεν καὶ ὑπέρβη λάϊνον οὐδόν.

Nurse Eurykleia saw him long before any one else did. She was putting the fleeces on to the seats, and she burst out crying as she ran up to him; all the other maids came up too, and covered his head and shoulders with their kisses. Penelope came out of her room looking like Artemis or Aphrodite, and wept as she flung her arms about her son. She kissed his forehead and both his beautiful eyes, "Light of my eyes," she cried as she spoke fondly to him, "so you are come home again; I made sure I was never going to see you any more. To think of your having gone off to Pylos without saying anything about it or obtaining my consent. But come, tell me what you saw."

τὸν δὲ πολὺ πρώτη εἶδε τροφὸς Εὐρύκλεια,

κώεα καστορνῦσα θρόνοις ἔνι δαιδαλέοισι,

δακρύσασα δʼ ἔπειτʼ ἰθὺς κίεν· ἀμφὶ δʼ ἄρʼ ἄλλαι

δμῳαὶ Ὀδυσσῆος ταλασίφρονος ἠγερέθοντο,

καὶ κύνεον ἀγαπαζόμεναι κεφαλήν τε καὶ ὤμους.

ἡ δʼ ἴεν ἐκ θαλάμοιο περίφρων Πηνελόπεια,

Ἀρτέμιδι ἰκέλη ἠὲ χρυσέῃ Ἀφροδίτῃ,

ἀμφὶ δὲ παιδὶ φίλῳ βάλε πήχεε δακρύσασα,

κύσσε δέ μιν κεφαλήν τε καὶ ἄμφω φάεα καλά,

καί ῥʼ ὀλοφυρομένη ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα·

ἦλθες, Τηλέμαχε, γλυκερὸν φάος. οὔ σʼ ἔτʼ ἐγώ γε

ὄψεσθαι ἐφάμην, ἐπεὶ ᾤχεο νηῒ Πύλονδε

λάθρη, ἐμεῦ ἀέκητι, φίλου μετὰ πατρὸς ἀκουήν.

ἀλλʼ ἄγε μοι κατάλεξον ὅπως ἤντησας ὀπωπῆς.

"Do not scold me, mother,’ answered Telemakhos, "nor vex me, seeing what a narrow escape I have had, but wash your face, change your dress, go upstairs with your maids, and promise full and sufficient hecatombs to all the gods if Zeus will only grant us our revenge upon the suitors. I must now go to the place of assembly to invite a stranger who has come back with me from Pylos . I sent him on with my crew, and told Peiraios to take him home and look after him till I could come for him myself."

τὴν δʼ αὖ Τηλέμαχος πεπνυμένος ἀντίον ηὔδα·

μῆτερ ἐμή, μή μοι γόον ὄρνυθι μηδέ μοι ἦτορ

ἐν στήθεσσιν ὄρινε φυγόντι περ αἰπὺν ὄλεθρον·

ἀλλʼ ὑδρηναμένη, καθαρὰ χροῒ εἵμαθʼ ἑλοῦσα,

εἰς ὑπερῷʼ ἀναβᾶσα σὺν ἀμφιπόλοισι γυναιξὶν

εὔχεο πᾶσι θεοῖσι τεληέσσας ἑκατόμβας

ῥέξειν, αἴ κέ ποθι Ζεὺς ἄντιτα ἔργα τελέσσῃ.

αὐτὰρ ἐγὼν ἀγορὴν ἐσελεύσομαι, ὄφρα καλέσσω

ξεῖνον, ὅτις μοι κεῖθεν ἅμʼ ἕσπετο δεῦρο κιόντι.

τὸν μὲν ἐγὼ προὔπεμψα σὺν ἀντιθέοις ἑτάροισι,

Πείραιον δέ μιν ἠνώγεα προτὶ οἶκον ἄγοντα

ἐνδυκέως φιλέειν καὶ τιέμεν, εἰς ὅ κεν ἔλθω.

She heeded her son's words, washed her face, changed her dress, and vowed full and sufficient hecatombs to all the gods if they would only grant her revenge upon the suitors.

ὣς ἄρʼ ἐφώνησεν, τῇ δʼ ἄπτερος ἔπλετο μῦθος.

ἡ δʼ ὑδρηναμένη, καθαρὰ χροῒ εἵμαθʼ ἑλοῦσα,

εὔχετο πᾶσι θεοῖσι τεληέσσας ἑκατόμβας

ῥέξειν, αἴ κέ ποθι Ζεὺς ἄντιτα ἔργα τελέσσῃ.

Telemakhos went through, and out of, the cloisters spear in hand - not alone, for his two fleet dogs went with him. Athena endowed him with a presence of such divine comeliness [ kharis ] that all marveled at him as he went by, and the suitors gathered round him with fair words in their mouths and malice in their hearts; but he avoided them, and went to sit with Mentor, Antiphos, and Halitherses, old friends of his father's house, and they made him tell them all that had happened to him. Then Peiraios came up with Theoklymenos, whom he had escorted through the town to the place of assembly, whereon Telemakhos at once joined them. Peiraios was first to speak: "Telemakhos," said he, "I wish you would send some of your women to my house to take away the presents Menelaos gave you."

Τηλέμαχος δʼ ἄρʼ ἔπειτα διὲκ μεγάροιο βεβήκει

ἔγχος ἔχων· ἅμα τῷ γε δύω κύνες ἀργοὶ ἕποντο.

θεσπεσίην δʼ ἄρα τῷ γε χάριν κατέχευεν Ἀθήνη·

τὸν δʼ ἄρα πάντες λαοὶ ἐπερχόμενον θηεῦντο.

ἀμφὶ δέ μιν μνηστῆρες ἀγήνορες ἠγερέθοντο

ἔσθλʼ ἀγορεύοντες, κακὰ δὲ φρεσὶ βυσσοδόμευον.

αὐτὰρ ὁ τῶν μὲν ἔπειτα ἀλεύατο πουλὺν ὅμιλον,

ἀλλʼ ἵνα Μέντωρ ἧστο καὶ Ἄντιφος ἠδʼ Ἁλιθέρσης,

οἵ τε οἱ ἐξ ἀρχῆς πατρώϊοι ἦσαν ἑταῖροι,

ἔνθα καθέζετʼ ἰών· τοὶ δʼ ἐξερέεινον ἕκαστα.

τοῖσι δὲ Πείραιος δουρικλυτὸς ἐγγύθεν ἦλθεν

ξεῖνον ἄγων ἀγορήνδε διὰ πτόλιν· οὐδʼ ἄρʼ ἔτι δὴν

Τηλέμαχος ξείνοιο ἑκὰς τράπετʼ, ἀλλὰ παρέστη.

τὸν καὶ Πείραιος πρότερος πρὸς μῦθον ἔειπε·

Τηλέμαχʼ, αἶψʼ ὄτρυνον ἐμὸν ποτὶ δῶμα γυναῖκας,

ὥς τοι δῶρʼ ἀποπέμψω, ἅ τοι Μενέλαος ἔδωκε.

"We do not know, Peiraios," answered Telemakhos, "what may happen. If the suitors kill me in my own house and divide my property among them, I would rather you had the presents than that any of those people should get hold of them. If on the other hand I manage to kill them, I shall be much obliged if you will kindly bring me my presents."

τὸν δʼ αὖ Τηλέμαχος πεπνυμένος ἀντίον ηὔδα·

Πείραιʼ, οὐ γάρ τʼ ἴδμεν ὅπως ἔσται τάδε ἔργα.

εἴ κεν ἐμὲ μνηστῆρες ἀγήνορες ἐν μεγάροισι

λάθρη κτείναντες πατρώϊα πάντα δάσωνται,

αὐτὸν ἔχοντά σε βούλομʼ ἐπαυρέμεν, ἤ τινα τῶνδε·

εἰ δέ κʼ ἐγὼ τούτοισι φόνον καὶ κῆρα φυτεύσω,

δὴ τότε μοι χαίροντι φέρειν πρὸς δώματα χαίρων.

With these words he took Theoklymenos to his own house. When they got there they laid their cloaks on the benches and seats, went into the baths, and washed themselves. When the maids had washed and anointed them, and had given them cloaks and shirts, they took their seats at table. A maid servant then brought them water in a beautiful golden ewer, and poured it into a silver basin for them to wash their hands; and she drew a clean table beside them. An upper servant brought them bread and offered them many good things of what there was in the house. Opposite them sat Penelope, reclining on a couch by one of the bearing-posts of the room, and spinning. Then they laid their hands on the good things that were before them, and as soon as they had had enough to eat and drink Penelope said:

ὣς εἰπὼν ξεῖνον ταλαπείριον ἦγεν ἐς οἶκον.

αὐτὰρ ἐπεί ῥʼ ἵκοντο δόμους εὖ ναιετάοντας,

χλαίνας μὲν κατέθεντο κατὰ κλισμούς τε θρόνους τε,

ἐς δʼ ἀσαμίνθους βάντες ἐϋξέστας λούσαντο.

τοὺς δʼ ἐπεὶ οὖν δμῳαὶ λοῦσαν καὶ χρῖσαν ἐλαίῳ,

ἀμφὶ δʼ ἄρα χλαίνας οὔλας βάλον ἠδὲ χιτῶνας,

ἔκ ῥʼ ἀσαμίνθων βάντες ἐπὶ κλισμοῖσι καθῖζον.

χέρνιβα δʼ ἀμφίπολος προχόῳ ἐπέχευε φέρουσα

καλῇ χρυσείῃ, ὑπὲρ ἀργυρέοιο λέβητος,

νίψασθαι· παρὰ δὲ ξεστὴν ἐτάνυσσε τράπεζαν.

σῖτον δʼ αἰδοίη ταμίη παρέθηκε φέρουσα,

εἴδατα πόλλʼ ἐπιθεῖσα, χαριζομένη παρεόντων.

μήτηρ δʼ ἀντίον ἷζε παρὰ σταθμὸν μεγάροιο

κλισμῷ κεκλιμένη, λέπτʼ ἠλάκατα στρωφῶσα.

οἱ δʼ ἐπʼ ὀνείαθʼ ἑτοῖμα προκείμενα χεῖρας ἴαλλον,

αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ πόσιος καὶ ἐδητύος ἐξ ἔρον ἕντο,

τοῖσι δὲ μύθων ἦρχε περίφρων Πηνελόπεια·

"Telemakhos, I shall go upstairs and lie down on that sad couch, which I have not ceased to water with my tears, from the day Odysseus set out for Troy with the sons of Atreus. You failed, however, to make it clear to me before the suitors came back to the house, whether or not you had been able to hear anything about the return [ nostos ] of your father."

Τηλέμαχʼ, ἦ τοι ἐγὼν ὑπερώϊον εἰσαναβᾶσα

λέξομαι εἰς εὐνήν, ἥ μοι στονόεσσα τέτυκται,

αἰεὶ δάκρυσʼ ἐμοῖσι πεφυρμένη, ἐξ οὗ Ὀδυσσεὺς

ᾤχεθʼ ἅμʼ Ἀτρεΐδῃσιν ἐς Ἴλιον· οὐδέ μοι ἔτλης,

πρὶν ἐλθεῖν μνηστῆρας ἀγήνορας ἐς τόδε δῶμα,

"I will tell you then truth [ alêtheia ]," replied her son. "We went to Pylos and saw Nestor, who took me to his house and treated me as hospitably as though I were a son of his own who had just returned after a long absence; so also did his sons; but he said he had not heard a word from any human being about Odysseus, whether he was alive or dead. He sent me, therefore, with a chariot and horses to Menelaos. There I saw Helen, for whose sake so many, both Argives and Trojans, were in heaven's wisdom doomed to suffer. Menelaos asked me what it was that had brought me to Lacedaemon , and I told him the whole truth [ alêtheia ], whereon he said, ‘So, then, these cowards would usurp a brave man's bed? A hind might as well lay her new-born young in the lair of a lion, and then go off to feed in the forest or in some grassy dell. The lion, when he comes back to his lair, will make short work with the pair of them, and so will Odysseus with these suitors. By father Zeus, Athena, and Apollo, if Odysseus is still the man that he was when he wrestled with Philomeleides in Lesbos , and threw him so heavily that all the Greeks cheered him - if he is still such, and were to come near these suitors, they would have a swift doom and a sorry wedding. As regards your question, however, I will not prevaricate nor deceive you, but what the old man of the sea told me, so much will I tell you in full. He said he could see Odysseus on an island sorrowing bitterly in the house of the nymph Calypso, who was keeping him prisoner, and he could not reach his home, for he had no ships nor sailors to take him over the sea.’ This was what Menelaos told me, and when I had heard his story I came away; the gods then gave me a fair wind and soon brought me safe home again."

νόστον σοῦ πατρὸς σάφα εἰπέμεν, εἴ που ἄκουσας.

τὴν δʼ αὖ Τηλέμαχος πεπνυμένος ἀντίον ηὔδα·

τοιγὰρ ἐγώ τοι, μῆτερ, ἀληθείην καταλέξω.

ᾠχόμεθʼ ἔς τε Πύλον καὶ Νέστορα, ποιμένα λαῶν·

δεξάμενος δέ με κεῖνος ἐν ὑψηλοῖσι δόμοισιν

ἐνδυκέως ἐφίλει, ὡς εἴ τε πατὴρ ἑὸν υἱὸν

ἐλθόντα χρόνιον νέον ἄλλοθεν· ὣς ἐμὲ κεῖνος

ἐνδυκέως ἐκόμιζε σὺν υἱάσι κυδαλίμοισιν.

αὐτὰρ Ὀδυσσῆος ταλασίφρονος οὔ ποτʼ ἔφασκεν,

ζωοῦ οὐδὲ θανόντος, ἐπιχθονίων τευ ἀκοῦσαι·

ἀλλά μʼ ἐς Ἀτρεΐδην, δουρικλειτὸν Μενέλαον,

ἵπποισι προὔπεμψε καὶ ἅρμασι κολλητοῖσιν.

ἔνθʼ ἴδον Ἀργείην Ἑλένην, ἧς εἵνεκα πολλὰ

Ἀργεῖοι Τρῶές τε θεῶν ἰότητι μόγησαν.

εἴρετο δʼ αὐτίκʼ ἔπειτα βοὴν ἀγαθὸς Μενέλαος

ὅττευ χρηΐζων ἱκόμην Λακεδαίμονα δῖαν·

αὐτὰρ ἐγὼ τῷ πᾶσαν ἀληθείην κατέλεξα·

καὶ τότε δή με ἔπεσσιν ἀμειβόμενος προσέειπεν·

ὢ πόποι, ἦ μάλα δὴ κρατερόφρονος ἀνδρὸς ἐν εὐνῇ

ἤθελον εὐνηθῆναι, ἀνάλκιδες αὐτοὶ ἐόντες.

ὡς δʼ ὁπότʼ ἐν ξυλόχῳ ἔλαφος κρατεροῖο λέοντος

νεβροὺς κοιμήσασα νεηγενέας γαλαθηνοὺς

κνημοὺς ἐξερέῃσι καὶ ἄγκεα ποιήεντα

βοσκομένη, ὁ δʼ ἔπειτα ἑὴν εἰσήλυθεν εὐνήν,

ἀμφοτέροισι δὲ τοῖσιν ἀεικέα πότμον ἐφῆκεν,

ὣς Ὀδυσεὺς κείνοισιν ἀεικέα πότμον ἐφήσει.

αἲ γάρ, Ζεῦ τε πάτερ καὶ Ἀθηναίη καὶ Ἄπολλον,

τοῖος ἐὼν οἷός ποτʼ ἐϋκτιμένῃ ἐνὶ Λέσβῳ

ἐξ ἔριδος Φιλομηλεΐδῃ ἐπάλαισεν ἀναστάς,

κὰδ δʼ ἔβαλε κρατερῶς, κεχάροντο δὲ πάντες Ἀχαιοί,

τοῖος ἐὼν μνηστῆρσιν ὁμιλήσειεν Ὀδυσσεύς·

πάντες κʼ ὠκύμοροί τε γενοίατο πικρόγαμοί τε.

ταῦτα δʼ ἅ μʼ εἰρωτᾷς καὶ λίσσεαι, οὐκ ἂν ἐγώ γε

ἄλλα παρὲξ εἴποιμι παρακλιδὸν οὐδʼ ἀπατήσω,

ἀλλὰ τὰ μέν μοι ἔειπε γέρων ἅλιος νημερτής,

τῶν οὐδέν τοι ἐγὼ κρύψω ἔπος οὐδʼ ἐπικεύσω.

φῆ μιν ὅ γʼ ἐν νήσῳ ἰδέειν κρατέρʼ ἄλγεʼ ἔχοντα,

νύμφης ἐν μεγάροισι Καλυψοῦς, ἥ μιν ἀνάγκῃ

ἴσχει· ὁ δʼ οὐ δύναται ἣν πατρίδα γαῖαν ἱκέσθαι.

οὐ γάρ οἱ πάρα νῆες ἐπήρετμοι καὶ ἑταῖροι,

οἵ κέν μιν πέμποιεν ἐπʼ εὐρέα νῶτα θαλάσσης

ὣς ἔφατʼ Ἀτρεΐδης, δουρικλειτὸς Μενέλαος.

ταῦτα τελευτήσας νεόμην· ἔδοσαν δέ μοι οὖρον

ἀθάνατοι, τοί μʼ ὦκα φίλην ἐς πατρίδʼ ἔπεμψαν.

With these words he moved the heart of Penelope. Then Theoklymenos said to her:

ὣς φάτο, τῇ δʼ ἄρα θυμὸν ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν ὄρινε.

τοῖσι δὲ καὶ μετέειπε Θεοκλύμενος θεοειδής·

"My lady, wife of Odysseus, Telemakhos does not understand these things; listen therefore to me, for I can divine them surely, and will hide nothing from you. May Zeus the king of heaven be my witness, and the rites of hospitality, with that hearth of Odysseus to which I now come, that Odysseus himself is even now in Ithaca , and, either going about the country or staying in one place, is inquiring into all these evil deeds and preparing a day of reckoning for the suitors. I saw an omen when I was on the ship which meant this, and I told Telemakhos about it."

ὦ γύναι αἰδοίη Λαερτιάδεω Ὀδυσῆος,

ἦ τοι ὅ γʼ οὐ σάφα οἶδεν, ἐμεῖο δὲ σύνθεο μῦθον·

ἀτρεκέως γάρ σοι μαντεύσομαι οὐδʼ ἐπικεύσω·

ἴστω νῦν Ζεὺς πρῶτα θεῶν, ξενίη τε τράπεζα

ἱστίη τʼ Ὀδυσῆος ἀμύμονος, ἣν ἀφικάνω,

ὡς ἦ τοι Ὀδυσεὺς ἤδη ἐν πατρίδι γαίῃ,

ἥμενος ἢ ἕρπων, τάδε πευθόμενος κακὰ ἔργα,

ἔστιν, ἀτὰρ μνηστῆρσι κακὸν πάντεσσι φυτεύει·

τοῖον ἐγὼν οἰωνὸν ἐϋσσέλμου ἐπὶ νηὸς

ἥμενος ἐφρασάμην καὶ Τηλεμάχῳ ἐγεγώνευν.

"May it be even so," answered Penelope; "if your words come true, you shall have such gifts and such good will from me that all who see you shall congratulate you."

τὸν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπε περίφρων Πηνελόπεια·

αἲ γὰρ τοῦτο, ξεῖνε, ἔπος τετελεσμένον εἴη·

τῷ κε τάχα γνοίης φιλότητά τε πολλά τε δῶρα

ἐξ ἐμεῦ, ὡς ἄν τίς σε συναντόμενος μακαρίζοι.

Thus did they converse. Meanwhile the suitors were throwing discs, or aiming with spears at a mark on the leveled ground in front of the house, and behaving with all their old insolence [ hubris ]. But when it was now time for dinner, and the flock of sheep and goats had come into the town from all the country round, with their shepherds as usual, then Medon, who was their favorite servant, and who waited upon them at table, said, "Now then, my young masters, you have had enough sport [ athlos ], so come inside that we may get dinner ready. Dinner is not a bad thing, at dinner time [ hôra ]."

ὣς οἱ μὲν τοιαῦτα πρὸς ἀλλήλους ἀγόρευον,

μνηστῆρες δὲ πάροιθεν Ὀδυσσῆος μεγάροιο

δίσκοισιν τέρποντο καὶ αἰγανέῃσιν ἱέντες,

ἐν τυκτῷ δαπέδῳ, ὅθι περ πάρος ὕβριν ἔχοντες.

ἀλλʼ ὅτε δὴ δείπνηστος ἔην καὶ ἐπήλυθε μῆλα

πάντοθεν ἐξ ἀγρῶν, οἱ δʼ ἤγαγον οἳ τὸ πάρος περ,

καὶ τότε δή σφιν ἔειπε Μέδων· ὃς γάρ ῥα μάλιστα

ἥνδανε κηρύκων, καὶ σφιν παρεγίγνετο δαιτί·

κοῦροι, ἐπεὶ δὴ πάντες ἐτέρφθητε φρένʼ ἀέθλοις,

ἔρχεσθε πρὸς δώμαθʼ, ἵνʼ ἐντυνώμεθα δαῖτα·

οὐ μὲν γάρ τι χέρειον ἐν ὥρῃ δεῖπνον ἑλέσθαι.

They left their sports as he told them, and when they were within the house, they laid their cloaks on the benches and seats inside, and then sacrificed some sheep, goats, pigs, and a heifer, all of them fat and well grown. Thus they made ready for their meal. In the meantime Odysseus and the swineherd were about starting for the town, and the swineherd said, "Stranger, I suppose you still want to go to town to-day, as my master said you were to do; for my own part I should have liked you to stay here as a station hand, but I must do as my master tells me, or he will scold me later on, and a scolding from one's master is a very serious thing. Let us then be off, for it is now broad day; it will be night again directly and then you will find it colder."

ὣς ἔφαθʼ, οἱ δʼ ἀνστάντες ἔβαν πείθοντό τε μύθῳ.

αὐτὰρ ἐπεί ῥʼ ἵκοντο δόμους εὖ ναιετάοντας,

χλαίνας μὲν κατέθεντο κατὰ κλισμούς τε θρόνους τε,

οἱ δʼ ἱέρευον ὄϊς μεγάλους καὶ πίονας αἶγας,

ἵρευον δὲ σύας σιάλους καὶ βοῦν ἀγελαίην,

δαῖτʼ ἐντυνόμενοι. τοὶ δʼ ἐξ ἀγροῖο πόλινδε

ὠτρύνοντʼ Ὀδυσεύς τʼ ἰέναι καὶ δῖος ὑφορβός.

τοῖσι δὲ μύθων ἦρχε συβώτης, ὄρχαμος ἀνδρῶν·

ξεῖνʼ, ἐπεὶ ἂρ δὴ ἔπειτα πόλινδʼ ἰέναι μενεαίνεις

σήμερον, ὡς ἐπέτελλεν ἄναξ ἐμός—ἦ σʼ ἂν ἐγώ γε

αὐτοῦ βουλοίμην σταθμῶν ῥυτῆρα λιπέσθαι·

ἀλλὰ τὸν αἰδέομαι καὶ δείδια, μή μοι ὀπίσσω

νεικείῃ· χαλεπαὶ δέ τʼ ἀνάκτων εἰσὶν ὁμοκλαί—

ἀλλʼ ἄγε νῦν ἴομεν· δὴ γὰρ μέμβλωκε μάλιστα

ἦμαρ, ἀτὰρ τάχα τοι ποτὶ ἕσπερα ῥίγιον ἔσται.

"I know, and understand you," replied Odysseus; "you need say no more. Let us be going, but if you have a stick ready cut, let me have it to walk with, for you say the road is a very rough one."

τὸν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη πολύμητις Ὀδυσσεύς·

γιγνώσκω, φρονέω· τά γε δὴ νοέοντι κελεύεις.

ἀλλʼ ἴομεν, σὺ δʼ ἔπειτα διαμπερὲς ἡγεμόνευε.

δὸς δέ μοι, εἴ ποθί τοι ῥόπαλον τετμημένον ἐστίν,

σκηρίπτεσθʼ, ἐπεὶ ἦ φατʼ ἀρισφαλέʼ ἔμμεναι οὐδόν.

As he spoke he threw his shabby old tattered wallet over his shoulders, by the cord from which it hung, and Eumaios gave him a stick to his liking. The two then started, leaving the station in charge of the dogs and herdsmen who remained behind; the swineherd led the way and his master followed after, looking like some broken-down old tramp as he leaned upon his staff, and his clothes were all in rags. When they had got over the rough steep ground and were nearing the city, they reached the fountain from which the citizens drew their water. This had been made by Ithacus, Neritus, and Polyktor. There was a grove of water-loving poplars planted in a circle all round it, and the clear cold water came down to it from a rock high up, while above the fountain there was an altar to the nymphs, at which all wayfarers used to sacrifice. Here Melanthios son of Dolios overtook them as he was driving down some goats, the best in his flock, for the suitors’ dinner, and there were two shepherds with him. When he saw Eumaios and Odysseus he reviled them with outrageous and unseemly language, which made Odysseus very angry.

ἦ ῥα καὶ ἀμφʼ ὤμοισιν ἀεικέα βάλλετο πήρην,

πυκνὰ ῥωγαλέην· ἐν δὲ στρόφος ἦεν ἀορτήρ·

Εὔμαιος δʼ ἄρα οἱ σκῆπτρον θυμαρὲς ἔδωκε.

τὼ βήτην, σταθμὸν δὲ κύνες καὶ βώτορες ἄνδρες

ῥύατʼ ὄπισθε μένοντες· ὁ δʼ ἐς πόλιν ἦγεν ἄνακτα

πτωχῷ λευγαλέῳ ἐναλίγκιον ἠδὲ γέροντι,

σκηπτόμενον· τὰ δὲ λυγρὰ περὶ χροῒ εἵματα ἕστο.

ἀλλʼ ὅτε δὴ στείχοντες ὁδὸν κάτα παιπαλόεσσαν

ἄστεος ἐγγὺς ἔσαν καὶ ἐπὶ κρήνην ἀφίκοντο

τυκτὴν καλλίροον, ὅθεν ὑδρεύοντο πολῖται,

τὴν ποίησʼ Ἴθακος καὶ Νήριτος ἠδὲ Πολύκτωρ·

ἀμφὶ δʼ ἄρʼ αἰγείρων ὑδατοτρεφέων ἦν ἄλσος,

πάντοσε κυκλοτερές, κατὰ δὲ ψυχρὸν ῥέεν ὕδωρ

ὑψόθεν ἐκ πέτρης· βωμὸς δʼ ἐφύπερθε τέτυκτο

νυμφάων, ὅθι πάντες ἐπιρρέζεσκον ὁδῖται·

ἔνθα σφέας ἐκίχανʼ υἱὸς Δολίοιο Μελανθεὺς

αἶγας ἄγων, αἳ πᾶσι μετέπρεπον αἰπολίοισι,

δεῖπνον μνηστήρεσσι· δύω δʼ ἅμʼ ἕποντο νομῆες.

τοὺς δὲ ἰδὼν νείκεσσεν ἔπος τʼ ἔφατʼ ἔκ τʼ ὀνόμαζεν,

ἔκπαγλον καὶ ἀεικές· ὄρινε δὲ κῆρ Ὀδυσῆος·

"There you go," cried he, "and a precious pair you are. See how heaven brings birds of the same feather to one another. Where, pray, master swineherd, are you taking this poor miserable object? It would make any one sick to see such a creature at table. A fellow like this never won a prize for anything in his life, but will go about rubbing his shoulders against every man's door post, and begging, not for swords and cauldrons like a man, but only for a few scraps not worth begging for. If you would give him to me for a hand on my station, he might do to clean out the folds, or bring a bit of sweet feed to the kids, and he could fatten his thighs as much as he pleased on whey; but he has taken to bad ways and will not go about any kind of work; he will do nothing but beg victuals all the dêmos over, to feed his insatiable belly. I say, therefore and it shall surely be - if he goes near Odysseus’ house he will get his head broken by the stools they will fling at him, till they turn him out."

νῦν μὲν δὴ μάλα πάγχυ κακὸς κακὸν ἡγηλάζει,

ὡς αἰεὶ τὸν ὁμοῖον ἄγει θεὸς ὡς τὸν ὁμοῖον.

πῇ δὴ τόνδε μολοβρὸν ἄγεις, ἀμέγαρτε συβῶτα,

πτωχὸν ἀνιηρόν δαιτῶν ἀπολυμαντῆρα;

ὃς πολλῇς φλιῇσι παραστὰς θλίψεται ὤμους,

αἰτίζων ἀκόλους, οὐκ ἄορας οὐδὲ λέβητας·

τόν κʼ εἴ μοι δοίης σταθμῶν ῥυτῆρα γενέσθαι

σηκοκόρον τʼ ἔμεναι θαλλόν τʼ ἐρίφοισι φορῆναι,

καί κεν ὀρὸν πίνων μεγάλην ἐπιγουνίδα θεῖτο.

ἀλλʼ ἐπεὶ οὖν δὴ ἔργα κάκʼ ἔμμαθεν, οὐκ ἐθελήσει

ἔργον ἐποίχεσθαι, ἀλλὰ πτώσσων κατὰ δῆμον

βούλεται αἰτίζων βόσκειν ἣν γαστέρʼ ἄναλτον.

ἀλλʼ ἔκ τοι ἐρέω, τὸ δὲ καὶ τετελεσμένον ἔσται·

αἴ κʼ ἔλθῃ πρὸς δώματʼ Ὀδυσσῆος θείοιο,

πολλά οἱ ἀμφὶ κάρη σφέλα ἀνδρῶν ἐκ παλαμάων

πλευραὶ ἀποτρίψουσι δόμον κάτα βαλλομένοιο.

On this, as he passed, he gave Odysseus a kick on the hip out of pure wantonness, but Odysseus stood firm, and did not budge from the path. For a moment he doubted whether or not to fly at Melanthios and kill him with his staff, or fling him to the ground and beat his brains out; he resolved, however, to endure it and keep himself in check, but the swineherd looked straight at Melanthios and rebuked him, lifting up his hands and praying to heaven as he did so.

ὣς φάτο, καὶ παριὼν λὰξ ἔνθορεν ἀφραδίῃσιν

ἰσχίῳ· οὐδέ μιν ἐκτὸς ἀταρπιτοῦ ἐστυφέλιξεν,

ἀλλʼ ἔμενʼ ἀσφαλέως· ὁ δὲ μερμήριξεν Ὀδυσσεὺς

ἠὲ μεταΐξας ῥοπάλῳ ἐκ θυμὸν ἕλοιτο,

ἦ πρὸς γῆν ἐλάσειε κάρη ἀμφουδὶς ἀείρας.

ἀλλʼ ἐπετόλμησε, φρεσὶ δʼ ἔσχετο· τὸν δὲ συβώτης

νείκεσʼ ἐσάντα ἰδών, μέγα δʼ εὔξατο χεῖρας ἀνασχών·

"Fountain nymphs," he cried, "children of Zeus, if ever Odysseus burned you thigh bones covered with fat whether of lambs or kids, grant my prayer that a daimôn may send him home. He would soon put an end to the swaggering threats with which such men as you go about insulting people- gadding all over the town while your flocks are going to ruin through bad shepherding."

νύμφαι κρηναῖαι, κοῦραι Διός, εἴ ποτʼ Ὀδυσσεὺς

ὔμμʼ ἐπὶ μηρίʼ ἔκηε, καλύψας πίονι δημῷ,

ἀρνῶν ἠδʼ ἐρίφων, τόδε μοι κρηήνατʼ ἐέλδωρ,

ὡς ἔλθοι μὲν κεῖνος ἀνήρ, ἀγάγοι δέ ἑ δαίμων·

τῷ κέ τοι ἀγλαΐας γε διασκεδάσειεν ἁπάσας,

τὰς νῦν ὑβρίζων φορέεις, ἀλαλήμενος αἰεὶ

ἄστυ κάτʼ· αὐτὰρ μῆλα κακοὶ φθείρουσι νομῆες.

Then Melanthios the goatherd answered, "You ill-conditioned cur, what are you talking about? Some day or other I will put you on board ship and take you to a foreign country, where I can sell you and keep the wealth you will fetch. I wish I were as sure that Apollo would strike Telemakhos dead this very day, or that the suitors would kill him, as I am that Odysseus will never come home again."

τὸν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπε Μελάνθιος, αἰπόλος αἰγῶν·

ὢ πόποι, οἶον ἔειπε κύων ὀλοφώϊα εἰδώς,

τόν ποτʼ ἐγὼν ἐπὶ νηὸς ἐϋσσέλμοιο μελαίνης

ἄξω τῆλʼ Ἰθάκης, ἵνα μοι βίοτον πολὺν ἄλφοι.

αἲ γὰρ Τηλέμαχον βάλοι ἀργυρότοξος Ἀπόλλων

σήμερον ἐν μεγάροις, ἢ ὑπὸ μνηστῆρσι δαμείη,

ὡς Ὀδυσῆΐ γε τηλοῦ ἀπώλετο νόστιμον ἦμαρ.

With this he left them to come on at their leisure, while he went quickly forward and soon reached the house of his master. When he got there he went in and took his seat among the suitors opposite Eurymakhos, who liked him better than any of the others. The servants brought him a portion of meat, and an upper woman servant set bread before him that he might eat. Presently Odysseus and the swineherd came up to the house and stood by it, amid a sound of music, for Phemios was just beginning to sing to the suitors. Then Odysseus took hold of the swineherd's hand, and said:

ὣς εἰπὼν τοὺς μὲν λίπεν αὐτοῦ ἦκα κιόντας,

αὐτὰρ ὁ βῆ, μάλα δʼ ὦκα δόμους ἵκανεν ἄνακτος.

αὐτίκα δʼ εἴσω ἴεν, μετὰ δὲ μνηστῆρσι καθῖζεν,

ἀντίον Εὐρυμάχου· τὸν γὰρ φιλέεσκε μάλιστα.

τῷ πάρα μὲν κρειῶν μοῖραν θέσαν οἳ πονέοντο,

σῖτον δʼ αἰδοίη ταμίη παρέθηκε φέρουσα

ἔδμεναι. ἀγχίμολον δʼ Ὀδυσεὺς καὶ δῖος ὑφορβὸς

στήτην ἐρχομένω, περὶ δέ σφεας ἤλυθʼ ἰωὴ

φόρμιγγος γλαφυρῆς· ἀνὰ γάρ σφισι βάλλετʼ ἀείδειν

Φήμιος· αὐτὰρ ὁ χειρὸς ἑλὼν προσέειπε συβώτην·

"Eumaios, this house of Odysseus is a very fine place. No matter how far you go you will find few like it. One building keeps following on after another. The outer court has a wall with battlements all round it; the doors are double folding, and of good workmanship; it would be a hard matter to take it by force of arms. I perceive, too, that there are many people banqueting within it, for there is a smell of roast meat, and I hear a sound of music, which the gods have made to go along with feasting."

Εὔμαιʼ, ἦ μάλα δὴ τάδε δώματα κάλʼ Ὀδυσῆος,

ῥεῖα δʼ ἀρίγνωτʼ ἐστὶ καὶ ἐν πολλοῖσιν ἰδέσθαι.

ἐξ ἑτέρων ἕτερʼ ἐστίν, ἐπήσκηται δέ οἱ αὐλὴ

τοίχῳ καὶ θριγκοῖσι, θύραι δʼ εὐερκέες εἰσὶ

δικλίδες· οὐκ ἄν τίς μιν ἀνὴρ ὑπεροπλίσσαιτο.

γιγνώσκω δʼ ὅτι πολλοὶ ἐν αὐτῷ δαῖτα τίθενται

ἄνδρες, ἐπεὶ κνίση μὲν ἀνήνοθεν, ἐν δέ τε φόρμιγξ

ἠπύει, ἣν ἄρα δαιτὶ θεοὶ ποίησαν ἑταίρην.

Then Eumaios said, "You have perceived aright, as indeed you generally do; but let us think what will be our best course. Will you go inside first and join the suitors, leaving me here behind you, or will you wait here and let me go in first? But do not wait long, or some one may you loitering about outside, and throw something at you. Consider this matter I pray you."

τὸν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφης, Εὔμαιε συβῶτα·

ῥεῖʼ ἔγνως, ἐπεὶ οὐδὲ τά τʼ ἄλλα πέρ ἐσσʼ ἀνοήμων.

ἀλλʼ ἄγε δὴ φραζώμεθʼ ὅπως ἔσται τάδε ἔργα.

ἠὲ σὺ πρῶτος ἔσελθε δόμους εὖ ναιετάοντας,

δύσεο δὲ μνηστῆρας, ἐγὼ δʼ ὑπολείψομαι αὐτοῦ·

εἰ δʼ ἐθέλεις, ἐπίμεινον, ἐγὼ δʼ εἶμι προπάροιθε·

μηδὲ σὺ δηθύνειν, μή τίς σʼ ἔκτοσθε νοήσας

ἢ βάλῃ ἢ ἐλάσῃ· τὰ δέ σε φράζεσθαι ἄνωγα.

And Odysseus answered, "I understand and heed. Go in first and leave me here where I am. I am quite used to being beaten and having things thrown at me. I have been so much buffeted about in war and by sea that I am case-hardened, and this too may go with the rest. But a man cannot hide away the cravings of a hungry belly; this is an enemy which gives much trouble to all men; it is because of this that ships are fitted out to sail the seas, and to make war upon other people."

τὸν δʼ ἠμείβετʼ ἔπειτα πολύτλας δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς·

γιγνώσκω, φρονέω· τά γε δὴ νοέοντι κελεύεις.

ἀλλʼ ἔρχευ προπάροιθεν, ἐγὼ δʼ ὑπολείψομαι αὐτοῦ.

οὐ γάρ τι πληγέων ἀδαήμων οὐδὲ βολάων·

τολμήεις μοι θυμός, ἐπεὶ κακὰ πολλὰ πέπονθα

κύμασι καὶ πολέμῳ· μετὰ καὶ τόδε τοῖσι γενέσθω·

γαστέρα δʼ οὔ πως ἔστιν ἀποκρύψαι μεμαυῖαν,

οὐλομένην, ἣ πολλὰ κάκʼ ἀνθρώποισι δίδωσι,

τῆς ἕνεκεν καὶ νῆες ἐΰζυγοι ὁπλίζονται

πόντον ἐπʼ ἀτρύγετον, κακὰ δυσμενέεσσι φέρουσαι.

As they were thus talking, a dog that had been lying asleep raised his head and pricked up his ears. This was Argos, whom Odysseus had bred before setting out for Troy , but he had never had any work out of him. In the old days he used to be taken out by the young men when they went hunting wild goats, or deer, or hares, but now that his master was gone he was lying neglected on the heaps of mule and cow dung that lay in front of the stable doors till the men should come and draw it away to manure the great field; and he was full of fleas. As soon as he saw Odysseus standing there, he dropped his ears and wagged his tail, but he could not get close up to his master. When Odysseus saw the dog on the other side of the yard, dashed a tear from his eyes without Eumaios seeing it, and said:

ὣς οἱ μὲν τοιαῦτα πρὸς ἀλλήλους ἀγόρευον·

ἂν δὲ κύων κεφαλήν τε καὶ οὔατα κείμενος ἔσχεν,

Ἄργος, Ὀδυσσῆος ταλασίφρονος, ὅν ῥά ποτʼ αὐτὸς

θρέψε μέν, οὐδʼ ἀπόνητο, πάρος δʼ εἰς Ἴλιον ἱρὴν

ᾤχετο. τὸν δὲ πάροιθεν ἀγίνεσκον νέοι ἄνδρες

αἶγας ἐπʼ ἀγροτέρας ἠδὲ πρόκας ἠδὲ λαγωούς·

δὴ τότε κεῖτʼ ἀπόθεστος ἀποιχομένοιο ἄνακτος,

ἐν πολλῇ κόπρῳ, ἥ οἱ προπάροιθε θυράων

ἡμιόνων τε βοῶν τε ἅλις κέχυτʼ, ὄφρʼ ἂν ἄγοιεν

δμῶες Ὀδυσσῆος τέμενος μέγα κοπρήσοντες·

ἔνθα κύων κεῖτʼ Ἄργος, ἐνίπλειος κυνοραιστέων.

δὴ τότε γʼ, ὡς ἐνόησεν Ὀδυσσέα ἐγγὺς ἐόντα,

οὐρῇ μέν ῥʼ ὅ γʼ ἔσηνε καὶ οὔατα κάββαλεν ἄμφω,

ἆσσον δʼ οὐκέτʼ ἔπειτα δυνήσατο οἷο ἄνακτος

ἐλθέμεν· αὐτὰρ ὁ νόσφιν ἰδὼν ἀπομόρξατο δάκρυ,

ῥεῖα λαθὼν Εὔμαιον, ἄφαρ δʼ ἐρεείνετο μύθῳ·

"Eumaios, what a noble hound that is over yonder on the manure heap: his build is splendid; is he as fine a fellow as he looks, or is he only one of those dogs that come begging about a table, and are kept merely for show?"

Εὔμαιʼ, ἦ μάλα θαῦμα, κύων ὅδε κεῖτʼ ἐνὶ κόπρῳ.

καλὸς μὲν δέμας ἐστίν, ἀτὰρ τόδε γʼ οὐ σάφα οἶδα,

εἰ δὴ καὶ ταχὺς ἔσκε θέειν ἐπὶ εἴδεϊ τῷδε,

ἦ αὔτως οἷοί τε τραπεζῆες κύνες ἀνδρῶν

γίγνοντʼ· ἀγλαΐης δʼ ἕνεκεν κομέουσιν ἄνακτες.

"This hound," answered Eumaios, "belonged to him who has died in a far country. If he were what he was when Odysseus left for Troy , he would soon show you what he could do. There was not a wild beast in the forest that could get away from him when he was once on its tracks. But now he has fallen on evil times, for his master is dead and gone, and the women take no care of him. Servants never do their work when their master's hand is no longer over them, for Zeus takes half the goodness [ aretê ] out of a man when he makes a slave of him."

τὸν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφης, Εὔμαιε συβῶτα·

καὶ λίην ἀνδρός γε κύων ὅδε τῆλε θανόντος.

εἰ τοιόσδʼ εἴη ἠμὲν δέμας ἠδὲ καὶ ἔργα,

οἷόν μιν Τροίηνδε κιὼν κατέλειπεν Ὀδυσσεύς,

αἶψά κε θηήσαιο ἰδὼν ταχυτῆτα καὶ ἀλκήν.

οὐ μὲν γάρ τι φύγεσκε βαθείης βένθεσιν ὕλης

κνώδαλον, ὅττι δίοιτο· καὶ ἴχνεσι γὰρ περιῄδη·

νῦν δʼ ἔχεται κακότητι, ἄναξ δέ οἱ ἄλλοθι πάτρης

ὤλετο, τὸν δὲ γυναῖκες ἀκηδέες οὐ κομέουσι.

δμῶες δʼ, εὖτʼ ἂν μηκέτʼ ἐπικρατέωσιν ἄνακτες,

οὐκέτʼ ἔπειτʼ ἐθέλουσιν ἐναίσιμα ἐργάζεσθαι·

ἥμισυ γάρ τʼ ἀρετῆς ἀποαίνυται εὐρύοπα Ζεὺς

ἀνέρος, εὖτʼ ἄν μιν κατὰ δούλιον ἦμαρ ἕλῃσιν.

As he spoke he went inside the buildings to the room where the suitors were, but Argos died as soon as he had recognized his master.

ὣς εἰπὼν εἰσῆλθε δόμους εὖ ναιετάοντας,

βῆ δʼ ἰθὺς μεγάροιο μετὰ μνηστῆρας ἀγαυούς.

Ἄργον δʼ αὖ κατὰ μοῖρʼ ἔλαβεν μέλανος θανάτοιο,

αὐτίκʼ ἰδόντʼ Ὀδυσῆα ἐεικοστῷ ἐνιαυτῷ.

Telemakhos saw Eumaios long before any one else did, and beckoned him to come and sit beside him; so he looked about and saw a seat lying near where the carver sat serving out their portions to the suitors; he picked it up, brought it to Telemakhos’ table, and sat down opposite him. Then the servant brought him his portion, and gave him bread from the bread-basket.

τὸν δὲ πολὺ πρῶτος ἴδε Τηλέμαχος θεοειδὴς

ἐρχόμενον κατὰ δῶμα συβώτην, ὦκα δʼ ἔπειτα

νεῦσʼ ἐπὶ οἷ καλέσας· ὁ δὲ παπτήνας ἕλε δίφρον

κείμενον, ἔνθα τε δαιτρὸς ἐφίζεσκε κρέα πολλὰ

δαιόμενος μνηστῆρσι δόμον κάτα δαινυμένοισι·

τὸν κατέθηκε φέρων πρὸς Τηλεμάχοιο τράπεζαν

ἀντίον, ἔνθα δʼ ἄρʼ αὐτὸς ἐφέζετο· τῷ δʼ ἄρα κῆρυξ

μοῖραν ἑλὼν ἐτίθει κανέου τʼ ἐκ σῖτον ἀείρας.

Immediately afterwards Odysseus came inside, looking like a poor miserable old beggar, leaning on his staff and with his clothes all in rags. He sat down upon the threshold of ash-wood just inside the doors leading from the outer to the inner court, and against a bearing-post of cypress-wood which the carpenter had skillfully planed, and had made to join truly with rule and line. Telemakhos took a whole loaf from the bread-basket, with as much meat as he could hold in his two hands, and said to Eumaios, "Take this to the stranger, and tell him to go the round of the suitors, and beg from them; a beggar must not be shamefaced [ aidôs ]."

ἀγχίμολον δὲ μετʼ αὐτὸν ἐδύσετο δώματʼ Ὀδυσσεύς,

πτωχῷ λευγαλέῳ ἐναλίγκιος ἠδὲ γέροντι,

σκηπτόμενος· τὰ δὲ λυγρὰ περὶ χροΐ εἵματα ἕστο.

ἷζε δʼ ἐπὶ μελίνου οὐδοῦ ἔντοσθε θυράων,

κλινάμενος σταθμῷ κυπαρισσίνῳ, ὅν ποτε τέκτων

ξέσσεν ἐπισταμένως καὶ ἐπὶ στάθμην ἴθυνεν.

Τηλέμαχος δʼ ἐπὶ οἷ καλέσας προσέειπε συβώτην,

ἄρτον τʼ οὖλον ἑλὼν περικαλλέος ἐκ κανέοιο

καὶ κρέας, ὥς οἱ χεῖρες ἐχάνδανον ἀμφιβαλόντι·

δὸς τῷ ξείνῳ ταῦτα φέρων αὐτόν τε κέλευε

αἰτίζειν μάλα πάντας ἐποιχόμενον μνηστῆρας·

αἰδὼς δʼ οὐκ ἀγαθὴ κεχρημένῳ ἀνδρὶ παρεῖναι.

So Eumaios went up to him and said, "Stranger, Telemakhos sends you this, and says you are to go the round of the suitors begging, for beggars must not be shamefaced [ aidôs ]."

ὣς φάτο, βῆ δὲ συφορβός, ἐπεὶ τὸν μῦθον ἄκουσεν,

ἀγχοῦ δʼ ἱστάμενος ἔπεα πτερόεντʼ ἀγόρευε·

Τηλέμαχός τοι, ξεῖνε, διδοῖ τάδε, καί σε κελεύει

αἰτίζειν μάλα πάντας ἐποιχόμενον μνηστῆρας·

αἰδῶ δʼ οὐκ ἀγαθήν φησʼ ἔμμεναι ἀνδρὶ προΐκτῃ.

Odysseus answered, "May lord Zeus grant all happiness [ olbos ] to Telemakhos, and fulfill the desire of his heart."

τὸν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη πολύμητις Ὀδυσσεύς·

Ζεῦ ἄνα, Τηλέμαχόν μοι ἐν ἀνδράσιν ὄλβιον εἶναι,

καί οἱ πάντα γένοιθʼ ὅσσα φρεσὶν ᾗσι μενοινᾷ.

Then with both hands he took what Telemakhos had sent him, and laid it on the dirty old wallet at his feet. He went on eating it while the bard was singing, and had just finished his dinner as he left off. The suitors applauded the bard, whereon Athena went up to Odysseus and prompted him to beg pieces of bread from each one of the suitors, that he might see what kind of people they were, and tell the good from the bad; but come what might she was not going to save a single one of them. Odysseus, therefore, went on his round, going from left to right, and stretched out his hands to beg as though he were a real beggar. Some of them pitied him, and were curious about him, asking one another who he was and where he came from; whereon the goatherd Melanthios said, "Suitors of my noble mistress, I can tell you something about him, for I have seen him before. The swineherd brought him here, but I know nothing about the man himself, nor where he comes from."

ἦ ῥα καὶ ἀμφοτέρῃσιν ἐδέξατο καὶ κατέθηκεν

αὖθι ποδῶν προπάροιθεν, ἀεικελίης ἐπὶ πήρης,

ἤσθιε δʼ ἧος ἀοιδὸς ἐνὶ μεγάροισιν ἄειδεν·

εὖθʼ ὁ δεδειπνήκειν, ὁ δʼ ἐπαύετο θεῖος ἀοιδός.

μνηστῆρες δʼ ὁμάδησαν ἀνὰ μέγαρʼ. αὐτὰρ Ἀθήνη,

ἄγχι παρισταμένη Λαερτιάδην Ὀδυσῆα

ὤτρυνʼ, ὡς ἂν πύρνα κατὰ μνηστῆρας ἀγείροι,

γνοίη θʼ οἵ τινές εἰσιν ἐναίσιμοι οἵ τʼ ἀθέμιστοι·

ἀλλʼ οὐδʼ ὥς τινʼ ἔμελλʼ ἀπαλεξήσειν κακότητος.

βῆ δʼ ἴμεν αἰτήσων ἐνδέξια φῶτα ἕκαστον,

πάντοσε χεῖρʼ ὀρέγων, ὡς εἰ πτωχὸς πάλαι εἴη.

οἱ δʼ ἐλεαίροντες δίδοσαν, καὶ ἐθάμβεον αὐτόν,

ἀλλήλους τʼ εἴροντο τίς εἴη καὶ πόθεν ἔλθοι.

τοῖσι δὲ καὶ μετέειπε Μελάνθιος, αἰπόλος αἰγῶν·

κέκλυτέ μευ, μνηστῆρες ἀγακλειτῆς βασιλείης,

τοῦδε περὶ ξείνου· ἦ γάρ μιν πρόσθεν ὄπωπα.

ἦ τοι μέν οἱ δεῦρο συβώτης ἡγεμόνευεν,

αὐτὸν δʼ οὐ σάφα οἶδα, πόθεν γένος εὔχεται εἶναι.

On this Antinoos began to abuse the swineherd. "You precious idiot," he cried, "what have you brought this man to town for? Have we not tramps and beggars enough already to pester us as we sit at meat? Do you think it a small thing that such people gather here to waste your master's property and must you needs bring this man as well?"

ὣς ἔφατʼ, Ἀντίνοος δʼ ἔπεσιν νείκεσσε συβώτην·

ὦ ἀρίγνωτε συβῶτα, τίη δὲ σὺ τόνδε πόλινδε

ἤγαγες; ἦ οὐχ ἅλις ἧμιν ἀλήμονές εἰσι καὶ ἄλλοι,

πτωχοὶ ἀνιηροί, δαιτῶν ἀπολυμαντῆρες;

ἦ ὄνοσαι ὅτι τοι βίοτον κατέδουσιν ἄνακτος

ἐνθάδʼ ἀγειρόμενοι, σὺ δὲ καὶ προτὶ τόνδʼ ἐκάλεσσας;

And Eumaios answered, "Antinoos, your birth is good but your words evil. It was no doing of mine that he came here. Who is likely to invite a stranger from a foreign country, unless it be one of those who can do public service as a seer [ mantis ], a healer of hurts, a carpenter, or a bard who can delight us with his singing. Such men are welcome all the world over, but no one is likely to ask a beggar who will only worry him. You are always harder on Odysseus’ servants than any of the other suitors are, and above all on me, but I do not care so long as Telemakhos and Penelope are alive and here."

τὸν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφης, Εὔμαιε συβῶτα·

Ἀντίνοʼ, οὐ μὲν καλὰ καὶ ἐσθλὸς ἐὼν ἀγορεύεις·

τίς γὰρ δὴ ξεῖνον καλεῖ ἄλλοθεν αὐτὸς ἐπελθὼν

ἄλλον γʼ, εἰ μὴ τῶν οἳ δημιοεργοὶ ἔασι,

μάντιν ἢ ἰητῆρα κακῶν ἢ τέκτονα δούρων,

ἢ καὶ θέσπιν ἀοιδόν, ὅ κεν τέρπῃσιν ἀείδων;

οὗτοι γὰρ κλητοί γε βροτῶν ἐπʼ ἀπείρονα γαῖαν·

πτωχὸν δʼ οὐκ ἄν τις καλέοι τρύξοντα ἓ αὐτόν.

ἀλλʼ αἰεὶ χαλεπὸς περὶ πάντων εἶς μνηστήρων

δμωσὶν Ὀδυσσῆος, πέρι δʼ αὖτʼ ἐμοί· αὐτὰρ ἐγώ γε

οὐκ ἀλέγω, ἧός μοι ἐχέφρων Πηνελόπεια

ζώει ἐνὶ μεγάροις καὶ Τηλέμαχος θεοειδής.

But Telemakhos said, "Hush, do not answer him; Antinoos has the bitterest tongue of all the suitors, and he makes the others worse."

τὸν δʼ αὖ Τηλέμαχος πεπνυμένος ἀντίον ηὔδα·

σίγα, μή μοι τοῦτον ἀμείβεο πολλὰ ἔπεσσιν·

Ἀντίνοος δʼ εἴωθε κακῶς ἐρεθιζέμεν αἰεὶ

μύθοισιν χαλεποῖσιν, ἐποτρύνει δὲ καὶ ἄλλους.

Then turning to Antinoos he said, "Antinoos, you take as much care of my interests as though I were your son. Why should you want to see this stranger turned out of the house? Heaven forbid; take something and give it him yourself; I do not grudge it; I bid you take it. Never mind my mother, nor any of the other servants in the house; but I know you will not do what I say, for you are more fond of eating things yourself than of giving them to other people."

ἦ ῥα καὶ Ἀντίνοον ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα·

Ἀντίνοʼ, ἦ μευ καλὰ πατὴρ ὣς κήδεαι υἷος,

ὃς τὸν ξεῖνον ἄνωγας ἀπὸ μεγάροιο διέσθαι

μύθῳ ἀναγκαίῳ· μὴ τοῦτο θεὸς τελέσειε.

δός οἱ ἑλών· οὔ τοι φθονέω· κέλομαι γὰρ ἐγώ γε·

μήτʼ οὖν μητέρʼ ἐμὴν ἅζευ τό γε μήτε τινʼ ἄλλον

δμώων, οἳ κατὰ δώματʼ Ὀδυσσῆος θείοιο.

ἀλλʼ οὔ τοι τοιοῦτον ἐνὶ στήθεσσι νόημα·

αὐτὸς γὰρ φαγέμεν πολὺ βούλεαι ἢ δόμεν ἄλλῳ.

"What do you mean, Telemakhos," replied Antinoos, "by this swaggering talk? If all the suitors were to give him as much as I will, he would not come here again for another three months."

τὸν δʼ αὖτʼ Ἀντίνοος ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέειπε·

Τηλέμαχʼ ὑψαγόρη, μένος ἄσχετε, ποῖον ἔειπες.

εἴ οἱ τόσσον ἅπαντες ὀρέξειαν μνηστῆρες,

καί κέν μιν τρεῖς μῆνας ἀπόπροθεν οἶκος ἐρύκοι.

As he spoke he drew the stool on which he rested his dainty feet from under the table, and made as though he would throw it at Odysseus, but the other suitors all gave him something, and filled his wallet with bread and meat; he was about, therefore, to go back to the threshold and eat what the suitors had given him, but he first went up to Antinoos and said:

ὣς ἄρʼ ἔφη, καὶ θρῆνυν ἑλὼν ὑπέφηνε τραπέζης

κείμενον, ᾧ ῥʼ ἔπεχεν λιπαροὺς πόδας εἰλαπινάζων·

οἱ δʼ ἄλλοι πάντες δίδοσαν, πλῆσαν δʼ ἄρα πήρην

σίτου καὶ κρειῶν· τάχα δὴ καὶ ἔμελλεν Ὀδυσσεὺς

αὖτις ἐπʼ οὐδὸν ἰὼν προικὸς γεύσεσθαι Ἀχαιῶν·

στῆ δὲ παρʼ Ἀντίνοον, καί μιν πρὸς μῦθον ἔειπε·

"Sir, give me something; you are not, surely, the poorest man here; you seem to be a chief, foremost among them all; therefore you should be the better giver, and I will tell far and wide of your bounty. I too was a rich [ olbios ] man once, and had a fine house of my own; in those days I gave to many a tramp such as I now am, no matter who he might be nor what he wanted. I had any number of servants, and all the other things which people have who live well and are accounted wealthy, but it pleased Zeus to take all away from me. He sent me with a band of roving robbers to Egypt ; it was a long voyage and I was undone by it. I stationed my ships in the river Aigyptos, and bade my men stay by them and keep guard over them, while I sent out scouts to reconnoiter from every point of vantage.

δός, φίλος· οὐ μέν μοι δοκέεις ὁ κάκιστος Ἀχαιῶν

ἔμμεναι, ἀλλʼ ὤριστος, ἐπεὶ βασιλῆϊ ἔοικας.

τῷ σε χρὴ δόμεναι καὶ λώϊον ἠέ περ ἄλλοι

σίτου· ἐγὼ δέ κέ σε κλείω κατʼ ἀπείρονα γαῖαν.

καὶ γὰρ ἐγώ ποτε οἶκον ἐν ἀνθρώποισιν ἔναιον

ὄλβιος ἀφνειὸν καὶ πολλάκι δόσκον ἀλήτῃ,

τοίῳ ὁποῖος ἔοι καὶ ὅτευ κεχρημένος ἔλθοι·

ἦσαν δὲ δμῶες μάλα μυρίοι ἄλλα τε πολλὰ

οἷσίν τʼ εὖ ζώουσι καὶ ἀφνειοὶ καλέονται.

ἀλλὰ Ζεὺς ἀλάπαξε Κρονίων—ἤθελε γάρ που—

ὅς μʼ ἅμα ληϊστῆρσι πολυπλάγκτοισιν ἀνῆκεν

Αἴγυπτόνδʼ ἰέναι, δολιχὴν ὁδόν, ὄφρʼ ἀπολοίμην.

στῆσα δʼ ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ ποταμῷ νέας ἀμφιελίσσας.

ἔνθʼ ἦ τοι μὲν ἐγὼ κελόμην ἐρίηρας ἑταίρους

αὐτοῦ πὰρ νήεσσι μένειν καὶ νῆας ἔρυσθαι,

ὀπτῆρας δὲ κατὰ σκοπιὰς ὤτρυνα νέεσθαι.

"But the men insolently disobeyed [ hubris ] my orders, took to their own devices, and ravaged the land of the Egyptians, killing the men, and taking their wives and children captives. The alarm was soon carried to the city, and when they heard the war-cry, the people came out at daybreak till the plain was filled with soldiers horse and foot, and with the gleam of armor. Then Zeus spread panic among my men, and they would no longer face the enemy, for they found themselves surrounded. The Egyptians killed many of us, and took the rest alive to do forced labor for them; as for myself, they gave me to a friend who met them, to take to Cyprus , Dmetor by name, son of Iasos, who was a great man in Cyprus . Thence I am come hither in a state of great misery."

οἱ δʼ ὕβρει εἴξαντες, ἐπισπόμενοι μένεϊ σφῷ,

αἶψα μάλʼ Αἰγυπτίων ἀνδρῶν περικαλλέας ἀγροὺς

πόρθεον, ἐκ δὲ γυναῖκας ἄγον καὶ νήπια τέκνα,

αὐτούς τʼ ἔκτεινον· τάχα δʼ ἐς πόλιν ἵκετʼ ἀϋτή.

οἱ δὲ βοῆς ἀΐοντες ἅμʼ ἠοῖ φαινομένηφιν

ἦλθον· πλῆτο δὲ πᾶν πεδίον πεζῶν τε καὶ ἵππων

χαλκοῦ τε στεροπῆς· ἐν δὲ Ζεὺς τερπικέραυνος

φύζαν ἐμοῖς ἑτάροισι κακὴν βάλεν, οὐδέ τις ἔτλη

στῆναι ἐναντίβιον· περὶ γὰρ κακὰ πάντοθεν ἔστη.

ἔνθʼ ἡμέων πολλοὺς μὲν ἀπέκτανον ὀξέϊ χαλκῷ,

τοὺς δʼ ἄναγον ζωούς, σφίσιν ἐργάζεσθαι ἀνάγκῃ.

αὐτὰρ ἔμʼ ἐς Κύπρον ξείνῳ δόσαν ἀντιάσαντι,

Δμήτορι Ἰασίδῃ, ὃς Κύπρου ἶφι ἄνασσεν·

ἔνθεν δὴ νῦν δεῦρο τόδʼ ἵκω πήματα πάσχων.

Then Antinoos said, "What daimôn can have sent such a pestilence to plague us during our dinner? Get out, into the open part of the court, or I will give you Egypt and Cyprus over again for your insolence and importunity; you have begged of all the others, and they have given you lavishly, for they have abundance round them, and it is easy to be free with other people's property when there is plenty of it."

τὸν δʼ αὖτʼ Ἀντίνοος ἀπαμείβετο φώνησέν τε·

τίς δαίμων τόδε πῆμα προσήγαγε, δαιτὸς ἀνίην;

στῆθʼ οὕτως ἐς μέσσον, ἐμῆς ἀπάνευθε τραπέζης,

μὴ τάχα πικρὴν Αἴγυπτον καὶ Κύπρον ἵκηαι·

ὥς τις θαρσαλέος καὶ ἀναιδής ἐσσι προΐκτης.

ἑξείης πάντεσσι παρίστασαι· οἱ δὲ διδοῦσι

μαψιδίως, ἐπεὶ οὔ τις ἐπίσχεσις οὐδʼ ἐλεητὺς

ἀλλοτρίων χαρίσασθαι, ἐπεὶ πάρα πολλὰ ἑκάστῳ.

On this Odysseus began to move off, and said, "Your looks, my fine sir, are better than your breeding; if you were in your own house you would not spare a poor man so much as a pinch of salt, for though you are in another man's, and surrounded with abundance, you cannot find it in you to give him even a piece of bread."

τὸν δʼ ἀναχωρήσας προσέφη πολύμητις Ὀδυσσεύς·

ὢ πόποι, οὐκ ἄρα σοί γʼ ἐπὶ εἴδεϊ καὶ φρένες ἦσαν·

οὐ σύ γʼ ἂν ἐξ οἴκου σῷ ἐπιστάτῃ οὐδʼ ἅλα δοίης,

ὃς νῦν ἀλλοτρίοισι παρήμενος οὔ τί μοι ἔτλης

σίτου ἀποπροελὼν δόμεναι· τὰ δὲ πολλὰ πάρεστιν.

This made Antinoos very angry, and he scowled at him saying, "You shall pay for this before you get clear of the court." With these words he threw a footstool at him, and hit him on the right shoulder-blade near the top of his back. Odysseus stood firm as a rock and the blow did not even stagger him, but he shook his head in silence as he brooded on his revenge. Then he went back to the threshold and sat down there, laying his well-filled wallet at his feet.

ὣς ἔφατʼ, Ἀντίνοος δʼ ἐχολώσατο κηρόθι μᾶλλον,

καί μιν ὑπόδρα ἰδὼν ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα·

νῦν δή σʼ οὐκέτι καλὰ διὲκ μεγάροιό γʼ ὀΐω

ἂψ ἀναχωρήσειν, ὅτε δὴ καὶ ὀνείδεα βάζεις.

ὣς ἄρʼ ἔφη, καὶ θρῆνυν ἑλὼν βάλε δεξιὸν ὦμον,

πρυμνότατον κατὰ νῶτον· ὁ δʼ ἐστάθη ἠΰτε πέτρη

ἔμπεδον, οὐδʼ ἄρα μιν σφῆλεν βέλος Ἀντινόοιο,

ἀλλʼ ἀκέων κίνησε κάρη, κακὰ βυσσοδομεύων.

ἂψ δʼ ὅ γʼ ἐπʼ οὐδὸν ἰὼν κατʼ ἄρʼ ἕζετο, κὰδ δʼ ἄρα πήρην

θῆκεν ἐϋπλείην, μετὰ δὲ μνηστῆρσιν ἔειπε·

"Listen to me," he cried, "you suitors of Queen Penelope, that I may speak even as I am minded. A man knows neither ache [ akhos ] nor pain [ penthos ] if he gets hit while fighting for his wealth, or for his sheep or his cattle; and even so Antinoos has hit me while in the service of my miserable belly, which is always getting people into trouble. Still, if the poor have gods and avenging deities at all, I pray them that Antinoos may come to a bad end before his marriage."

κέκλυτέ μευ, μνηστῆρες ἀγακλειτῆς βασιλείης,

ὄφρʼ εἴπω τά με θυμὸς ἐνὶ στήθεσσι κελεύει.

οὐ μὰν οὔτʼ ἄχος ἐστὶ μετὰ φρεσὶν οὔτε τι πένθος,

ὁππότʼ ἀνὴρ περὶ οἷσι μαχειόμενος κτεάτεσσι

βλήεται, ἢ περὶ βουσὶν ἢ ἀργεννῇς ὀΐεσσιν·

αὐτὰρ ἔμʼ Ἀντίνοος βάλε γαστέρος εἵνεκα λυγρῆς,

οὐλομένης, ἣ πολλὰ κάκʼ ἀνθρώποισι δίδωσιν.

ἀλλʼ εἴ που πτωχῶν γε θεοὶ καὶ Ἐρινύες εἰσίν,

Ἀντίνοον πρὸ γάμοιο τέλος θανάτοιο κιχείη.

"Sit where you are, and eat your victuals in silence, or be off elsewhere," shouted Antinoos. "If you say more I will have you dragged hand and foot through the courts, and the servants shall flay you alive."

τὸν δʼ αὖτʼ Ἀντίνοος προσέφη, Εὐπείθεος υἱός·

ἔσθιʼ ἕκηλος, ξεῖνε, καθήμενος, ἢ ἄπιθʼ ἄλλῃ,

μή σε νέοι διὰ δώματʼ ἐρύσσωσʼ, οἷʼ ἀγορεύεις,

ἢ ποδὸς ἢ καὶ χειρός, ἀποδρύψωσι δὲ πάντα.

The other suitors were much displeased at this, and one of the young men said, "Antinoos, you did ill in striking that poor wretch of a tramp: it will be worse for you if he should turn out to be some god - and we know the gods go about disguised in all sorts of ways as people from foreign countries, and travel about the world to see who do amiss [ hubris ] and who righteously."

ὣς ἔφαθʼ, οἱ δʼ ἄρα πάντες ὑπερφιάλως νεμέσησαν·

ὧδε δέ τις εἴπεσκε νέων ὑπερηνορεόντων·

Ἀντίνοʼ, οὐ μὲν κάλʼ ἔβαλες δύστηνον ἀλήτην,

οὐλόμενʼ, εἰ δή πού τις ἐπουράνιος θεός ἐστιν.

καί τε θεοὶ ξείνοισιν ἐοικότες ἀλλοδαποῖσι,

παντοῖοι τελέθοντες, ἐπιστρωφῶσι πόληας,

ἀνθρώπων ὕβριν τε καὶ εὐνομίην ἐφορῶντες.

Thus said the suitors, but Antinoos paid them no heed. Meanwhile Telemakhos was greatly distressed [ penthos ] about the blow that had been given to his father, and though no tear fell from him, he shook his head in silence and brooded on his revenge.

ὣς ἄρʼ ἔφαν μνηστῆρες, ὁ δʼ οὐκ ἐμπάζετο μύθων.

Τηλέμαχος δʼ ἐν μὲν κραδίῃ μέγα πένθος ἄεξε

βλημένου, οὐδʼ ἄρα δάκρυ χαμαὶ βάλεν ἐκ βλεφάροιϊν,

ἀλλʼ ἀκέων κίνησε κάρη, κακὰ βυσσοδομεύων.

Now when Penelope heard that the beggar had been struck in the banqueting-room, she said before her maids, "Would that Apollo would so strike you, Antinoos," and her waiting woman Eurynome answered, "If our prayers were answered not one of the suitors would ever again see the sun rise." Then Penelope said, "Nurse, every single one of them is hateful [ ekhthroi ] to me, for they mean nothing but mischief, but I hate Antinoos like the darkness of death itself. A poor unfortunate tramp has come begging about the house for sheer want. Every one else has given him something to put in his wallet, but Antinoos has hit him on the right shoulder-blade with a footstool."

τοῦ δʼ ὡς οὖν ἤκουσε περίφρων Πηνελόπεια

βλημένου ἐν μεγάρῳ, μετʼ ἄρα δμῳῇσιν ἔειπεν·

αἴθʼ οὕτως αὐτόν σε βάλοι κλυτότοξος Ἀπόλλων.

τὴν δʼ αὖτʼ Εὐρυνόμη ταμίη πρὸς μῦθον ἔειπεν·

εἰ γὰρ ἐπʼ ἀρῇσιν τέλος ἡμετέρῃσι γένοιτο·

οὐκ ἄν τις τούτων γε ἐΰθρονον Ἠῶ ἵκοιτο.

τὴν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπε περίφρων Πηνελόπεια·

μαῖʼ, ἐχθροὶ μὲν πάντες, ἐπεὶ κακὰ μηχανόωνται·

Ἀντίνοος δὲ μάλιστα μελαίνῃ κηρὶ ἔοικε.

ξεῖνός τις δύστηνος ἀλητεύει κατὰ δῶμα

ἀνέρας αἰτίζων· ἀχρημοσύνη γὰρ ἀνώγει·

ἔνθʼ ἄλλοι μὲν πάντες ἐνέπλησάν τʼ ἔδοσάν τε,

οὗτος δὲ θρήνυι πρυμνὸν βάλε δεξιὸν ὦμον.

Thus did she talk with her maids as she sat in her own room, and in the meantime Odysseus was getting his dinner. Then she called for the swineherd and said, "Eumaios, go and tell the stranger to come here, I want to see him and ask him some questions. He seems to have traveled much, and he may have seen or heard something of my unhappy husband."

ἡ μὲν ἄρʼ ὣς ἀγόρευε μετὰ δμῳῇσι γυναιξίν,

ἡμένη ἐν θαλάμῳ· ὁ δʼ ἐδείπνεε δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς·

ἡ δʼ ἐπὶ οἷ καλέσασα προσηύδα δῖον ὑφορβόν·

ἔρχεο, δῖʼ Εὔμαιε, κιὼν τὸν ξεῖνον ἄνωχθι

ἐλθέμεν, ὄφρα τί μιν προσπτύξομαι ἠδʼ ἐρέωμαι

εἴ που Ὀδυσσῆος ταλασίφρονος ἠὲ πέπυσται

ἢ ἴδεν ὀφθαλμοῖσι· πολυπλάγκτῳ γὰρ ἔοικε.

To this you answered, O swineherd Eumaios, "If these Achaeans, my lady, would only keep quiet, you would be charmed with the history of his adventures. I had him three days and three nights with me in my hut, which was the first place he reached after running away from his ship, and he has not yet completed the story of his misfortunes. If he had been the most heaven-taught minstrel in the whole world, on whose lips all hearers hang entranced, I could not have been more charmed as I sat in my hut and listened to him. He says there is an old friendship between his house and that of Odysseus, and that he comes from Crete where the descendants of Minos live, after having been driven here and there by every kind of misfortune; he also declares that he has heard of Odysseus as being alive and near at hand among the Thesprotians [ dêmos ], and that he is bringing great wealth home with him."

τὴν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφης, Εὔμαιε συβῶτα

εἰ γάρ τοι, βασίλεια, σιωπήσειαν Ἀχαιοί·

οἷʼ ὅ γε μυθεῖται, θέλγοιτό κέ τοι φίλον ἦτορ.

τρεῖς γὰρ δή μιν νύκτας ἔχον, τρία δʼ ἤματʼ ἔρυξα

ἐν κλισίῃ· πρῶτον γὰρ ἔμʼ ἵκετο νηὸς ἀποδράς·

ἀλλʼ οὔ πω κακότητα διήνυσεν ἣν ἀγορεύων.

ὡς δʼ ὅτʼ ἀοιδὸν ἀνὴρ ποτιδέρκεται, ὅς τε θεῶν ἒξ

ἀείδει δεδαὼς ἔπεʼ ἱμερόεντα βροτοῖσι,

τοῦ δʼ ἄμοτον μεμάασιν ἀκουέμεν, ὁππότʼ ἀείδῃ·

ὣς ἐμὲ κεῖνος ἔθελγε παρήμενος ἐν μεγάροισι.

φησὶ δʼ Ὀδυσσῆος ξεῖνος πατρώϊος εἶναι,

Κρήτῃ ναιετάων, ὅθι Μίνωος γένος ἐστίν.

ἔνθεν δὴ νῦν δεῦρο τόδʼ ἵκετο πήματα πάσχων,

προπροκυλινδόμενος· στεῦται δʼ Ὀδυσῆος ἀκοῦσαι,

ἀγχοῦ, Θεσπρωτῶν ἀνδρῶν ἐν πίονι δήμῳ,

ζωοῦ· πολλὰ δʼ ἄγει κειμήλια ὅνδε δόμονδε.

"Call him here, then," said Penelope, "that I too may hear his story. As for the suitors, let them take their pleasure indoors or out as they will, for they have nothing to fret about. Their grain and wine remain unwasted in their houses with none but servants to consume them, while they keep hanging about our house day after day sacrificing our oxen, sheep, and fat goats for their banquets, and never giving so much as a thought to the quantity of wine they drink. No estate can stand such recklessness, for we have now no Odysseus to protect us. If he were to come again, he and his son would soon have their violent revenge [ biê ]."

τὸν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπε περίφρων Πηνελόπεια·

ἔρχεο, δεῦρο κάλεσσον, ἵνʼ ἀντίον αὐτὸς ἐνίσπῃ.

οὗτοι δʼ ἠὲ θύρῃσι καθήμενοι ἑψιαάσθων.

ἢ αὐτοῦ κατὰ δώματʼ, ἐπεί σφισι θυμὸς ἐΰφρων.

αὐτῶν μὲν γὰρ κτήματʼ ἀκήρατα κεῖτʼ ἐνὶ οἴκῳ,

σῖτος καὶ μέθυ ἡδύ· τὰ μὲν οἰκῆες ἔδουσιν,

οἱ δʼ εἰς ἡμέτερον πωλεύμενοι ἤματα πάντα,

βοῦς ἱερεύοντες καὶ ὄϊς καὶ πίονας αἶγας,

εἰλαπινάζουσιν πίνουσί τε αἴθοπα οἶνον,

μαψιδίως· τὰ δὲ πολλὰ κατάνεται. οὐ γὰρ ἔπʼ ἀνήρ,

οἷος Ὀδυσσεὺς ἔσκεν, ἀρὴν ἀπὸ οἴκου ἀμῦναι.

εἰ δʼ Ὀδυσεὺς ἔλθοι καὶ ἵκοιτʼ ἐς πατρίδα γαῖαν,

αἶψά κε σὺν ᾧ παιδὶ βίας ἀποτίσεται ἀνδρῶν.

As she spoke Telemakhos sneezed so loudly that the whole house resounded with it. Penelope laughed when she heard this, and said to Eumaios, "Go and call the stranger; did you not hear how my son sneezed just as I was speaking? This can only mean that all the suitors are going to be killed, and that not one of them shall escape. Furthermore I say, and lay my saying to your heart: if I am satisfied that the stranger is speaking the truth I shall give him a shirt and cloak of good wear."

ὣς φάτο, Τηλέμαχος δὲ μέγʼ ἔπταρεν, ἀμφὶ δὲ δῶμα

σμερδαλέον κονάβησε· γέλασσε δὲ Πηνελόπεια,

αἶψα δʼ ἄρʼ Εὔμαιον ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα·

ἔρχεό μοι, τὸν ξεῖνον ἐναντίον ὧδε κάλεσσον.

οὐχ ὁράᾳς ὅ μοι υἱὸς ἐπέπταρε πᾶσιν ἔπεσσι;

τῷ κε καὶ οὐκ ἀτελὴς θάνατος μνηστῆρσι γένοιτο

πᾶσι μάλʼ, οὐδέ κέ τις θάνατον καὶ κῆρας ἀλύξει.

ἄλλο δέ τοι ἐρέω, σὺ δʼ ἐνὶ φρεσὶ βάλλεο σῇσιν·

αἴ κʼ αὐτὸν γνώω νημερτέα πάντʼ ἐνέποντα,

ἕσσω μιν χλαῖνάν τε χιτῶνά τε, εἵματα καλά.

When Eumaios heard this he went straight to Odysseus and said, "Father stranger, my mistress Penelope, mother of Telemakhos, has sent for you; she is in great grief, but she wishes to hear anything you can tell her about her husband, and if she is satisfied that you are speaking the truth, she will give you a shirt and cloak, which are the very things that you are most in want of. As for bread, you can get enough of that to fill your belly, by begging about the dêmos , and letting those give that will."

ὣς φάτο, βῆ δὲ συφορβός, ἐπεὶ τὸν μῦθον ἄκουσεν·

ἀγχοῦ δʼ ἱστάμενος ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα·

ξεῖνε πάτερ, καλέει σε περίφρων Πηνελόπεια,

μήτηρ Τηλεμάχοιο· μεταλλῆσαί τί ἑ θυμὸς

ἀμφὶ πόσει κέλεται, καὶ κήδεά περ πεπαθυίῃ.

εἰ δέ κέ σε γνώῃ νημερτέα πάντʼ ἐνέποντα,

ἕσσει σε χλαῖνάν τε χιτῶνά τε, τῶν σὺ μάλιστα

χρηΐζεις· σῖτον δὲ καὶ αἰτίζων κατὰ δῆμον

γαστέρα βοσκήσεις· δώσει δέ τοι ὅς κʼ ἐθέλῃσι.

"I will tell Penelope," answered Odysseus, "nothing but what is strictly true. I know all about her husband, and have been partner with him in affliction, but I am afraid of passing through this crowd of cruel suitors, for their overweening pride [ hubris ] and violent insolence [ biê ] reach heaven. Just now, moreover, as I was going about the house without doing any harm, a man gave me a blow that hurt me very much, but neither Telemakhos nor any one else defended me. Tell Penelope, therefore, to be patient and wait till sundown. Let her give me a seat close up to the fire, for my clothes are worn very thin - you know they are, for you have seen them ever since I first asked you to help me - she can then ask me about the return of her husband."

τὸν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπε πολύτλας δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς·

Εὔμαιʼ, αἶψά κʼ ἐγὼ νημερτέα πάντʼ ἐνέποιμι

κούρῃ Ἰκαρίοιο, περίφρονι Πηνελοπείῃ·

οἶδα γὰρ εὖ περὶ κείνου, ὁμὴν δʼ ἀνεδέγμεθʼ ὀϊζύν.

ἀλλὰ μνηστήρων χαλεπῶν ὑποδείδιʼ ὅμιλον,

τῶν ὕβρις τε βίη τε σιδήρεον οὐρανὸν ἵκει.

καὶ γὰρ νῦν, ὅτε μʼ οὗτος ἀνὴρ κατὰ δῶμα κιόντα

οὔ τι κακὸν ῥέξαντα βαλὼν ὀδύνῃσιν ἔδωκεν,

οὔτε τι Τηλέμαχος τό γʼ ἐπήρκεσεν οὔτε τις ἄλλος.

τῷ νῦν Πηνελόπειαν ἐνὶ μεγάροισιν ἄνωχθι

μεῖναι, ἐπειγομένην περ, ἐς ἠέλιον καταδύντα·

καὶ τότε μʼ εἰρέσθω πόσιος πέρι νόστιμον ἦμαρ,

ἀσσοτέρω καθίσασα παραὶ πυρί· εἵματα γάρ τοι

λύγρʼ ἔχω· οἶσθα καὶ αὐτός, ἐπεί σε πρῶθʼ ἱκέτευσα.

The swineherd went back when he heard this, and Penelope said as she saw him cross the threshold, "Why do you not bring him here, Eumaios? Is he afraid that some one will ill-treat him, or is he shy of coming inside the house at all? Beggars should not be shamefaced."

ὣς φάτο, βῆ δὲ συφορβός, ἐπεὶ τὸν μῦθον ἄκουσε.

τὸν δʼ ὑπὲρ οὐδοῦ βάντα προσηύδα Πηνελόπεια·

οὐ σύ γʼ ἄγεις, Εὔμαιε· τί τοῦτʼ ἐνόησεν ἀλήτης;

ἦ τινά που δείσας ἐξαίσιον ἦε καὶ ἄλλως

αἰδεῖται κατὰ δῶμα; κακὸς δʼ αἰδοῖος ἀλήτης.

To this you answered, O swineherd Eumaios, "The stranger is quite reasonable. He is avoiding the outrageous [ hubris ] suitors, and is only doing what any one else would do. He asks you to wait till sundown, and it will be much better, my lady, that you should have him all to yourself, when you can hear him and talk to him as you will."

τὴν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφης, Εὔμαιε συβῶτα·

μυθεῖται κατὰ μοῖραν, ἅ πέρ κʼ οἴοιτο καὶ ἄλλος,

ὕβριν ἀλυσκάζων ἀνδρῶν ὑπερηνορεόντων.

ἀλλά σε μεῖναι ἄνωγεν ἐς ἠέλιον καταδύντα.

καὶ δὲ σοὶ ὧδʼ αὐτῇ πολὺ κάλλιον, ὦ βασίλεια,

οἴην πρὸς ξεῖνον φάσθαι ἔπος ἠδʼ ἐπακοῦσαι.

"The man is no fool," answered Penelope, "it would very likely be as he says, for there are no such abominable people in the whole world as these men are."

τὸν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπε περίφρων Πηνελόπεια·

οὐκ ἄφρων ὁ ξεῖνος· ὀΐεται, ὥς περ ἂν εἴη·

οὐ γάρ πού τινες ὧδε καταθνητῶν ἀνθρώπων

ἀνέρες ὑβρίζοντες ἀτάσθαλα μηχανόωνται.

When she had done speaking Eumaios went back to the suitors, for he had explained everything. Then he went up to Telemakhos and said in his ear so that none could overhear him, "My dear sir, I will now go back to the pigs, to see after your property and my own business. You will look to what is going on here, but above all be careful to keep out of danger, for there are many who bear you ill will. May Zeus bring them to a bad end before they do us a mischief."

ἡ μὲν ἄρʼ ὣς ἀγόρευεν, ὁ δʼ ᾤχετο δῖος ὑφορβὸς

μνηστήρων ἐς ὅμιλον, ἐπεὶ διεπέφραδε πάντα.

αἶψα δὲ Τηλέμαχον ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα,

ἄγχι σχὼν κεφαλήν, ἵνα μὴ πευθοίαθʼ οἱ ἄλλοι·

ὦ φίλʼ, ἐγὼ μὲν ἄπειμι, σύας καὶ κεῖνα φυλάξων,

σὸν καὶ ἐμὸν βίοτον· σοὶ δʼ ἐνθάδε πάντα μελόντων.

αὐτὸν μέν σε πρῶτα σάω, καὶ φράζεο θυμῷ

μή τι πάθῃς· πολλοὶ δὲ κακὰ φρονέουσιν Ἀχαιῶν,

τοὺς Ζεὺς ἐξολέσειε πρὶν ἡμῖν πῆμα γενέσθαι.

"Very well," replied Telemakhos, "go home when you have had your dinner, and in the morning come here with the victims we are to sacrifice for the day. Leave the rest to heaven and me."

τὸν δʼ αὖ Τηλέμαχος πεπνυμένος ἀντίον ηὔδα·

ἔσσεται οὕτως, ἄττα· σὺ δʼ ἔρχεο δειελιήσας·

ἠῶθεν δʼ ἰέναι καὶ ἄγειν ἱερήϊα καλά·

αὐτὰρ ἐμοὶ τάδε πάντα καὶ ἀθανάτοισι μελήσει.

On this Eumaios took his seat again, and when he had finished his dinner he left the courts and the room with the men at table, and went back to his pigs. As for the suitors, they presently began to amuse themselves with singing and dancing, for it was now getting on towards evening.

ὣς φάθʼ, ὁ δʼ αὖτις ἄρʼ ἕζετʼ ἐϋξέστου ἐπὶ δίφρου,

πλησάμενος δʼ ἄρα θυμὸν ἐδητύος ἠδὲ ποτῆτος

βῆ ῥʼ ἴμεναι μεθʼ ὕας, λίπε δʼ ἕρκεά τε μέγαρόν τε,

πλεῖον δαιτυμόνων· οἱ δʼ ὀρχηστυῖ καὶ ἀοιδῇ

τέρποντʼ· ἤδη γὰρ καὶ ἐπήλυθε δείελον ἦμαρ.