Odyssey

Odysseus now left the haven, and took the rough track up through the wooded country and over the crest of the mountain till he reached the place where Athena had said that he would find the swineherd, who was the most thrifty servant he had. He found him sitting in front of his hut, which was by the yards that he had built on a site which could be seen from far. He had made them spacious and fair to see, with a free ran for the pigs all round them; he had built them during his master's absence, of stones which he had gathered out of the ground, without saying anything to Penelope or Laertes , and he had fenced them on top with thorn bushes. Outside the yard he had run a strong fence of oaken posts, split, and set pretty close together, while inside lie had built twelve sties near one another for the sows to lie in. There were fifty pigs wallowing in each sty, all of them breeding sows; but the boars slept outside and were much fewer in number, for the suitors kept on eating them, and the swineherd had to send them the best he had continually. There were three hundred and sixty boar pigs, and the herdsman's four hounds, which were as fierce as wolves, slept always with them. The swineherd was at that moment cutting out a pair of sandals from a good stout ox hide. Three of his men were out herding the pigs in one place or another, and he had sent the fourth to town with a boar that he had been forced to send the suitors that they might sacrifice it and have their fill of meat.

αὐτὰρ ὁ ἐκ λιμένος προσέβη τρηχεῖαν ἀταρπὸν

χῶρον ἀνʼ ὑλήεντα διʼ ἄκριας, ᾗ οἱ Ἀθήνη

πέφραδε δῖον ὑφορβόν, ὅ οἱ βιότοιο μάλιστα

κήδετο οἰκήων, οὓς κτήσατο δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς.

τὸν δʼ ἄρʼ ἐνὶ προδόμῳ εὗρʼ ἥμενον, ἔνθα οἱ αὐλὴ

ὑψηλὴ δέδμητο, περισκέπτῳ ἐνὶ χώρῳ,

καλή τε μεγάλη τε, περίδρομος· ἥν ῥα συβώτης

αὐτὸς δείμαθʼ ὕεσσιν ἀποιχομένοιο ἄνακτος,

νόσφιν δεσποίνης καὶ Λαέρταο γέροντος,

ῥυτοῖσιν λάεσσι καὶ ἐθρίγκωσεν ἀχέρδῳ·

σταυροὺς δʼ ἐκτὸς ἔλασσε διαμπερὲς ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθα,

πυκνοὺς καὶ θαμέας, τὸ μέλαν δρυὸς ἀμφικεάσσας·

ἔντοσθεν δʼ αὐλῆς συφεοὺς δυοκαίδεκα ποίει

πλησίον ἀλλήλων, εὐνὰς συσίν· ἐν δὲ ἑκάστῳ

πεντήκοντα σύες χαμαιευνάδες ἐρχατόωντο,

θήλειαι τοκάδες· τοὶ δʼ ἄρσενες ἐκτὸς ἴαυον,

πολλὸν παυρότεροι· τοὺς γὰρ μινύθεσκον ἔδοντες

ἀντίθεοι μνηστῆρες, ἐπεὶ προΐαλλε συβώτης

αἰεὶ ζατρεφέων σιάλων τὸν ἄριστον ἁπάντων·

οἱ δὲ τριηκόσιοί τε καὶ ἑξήκοντα πέλοντο.

πὰρ δὲ κύνες, θήρεσσιν ἐοικότες αἰὲν ἴαυον

τέσσαρες, οὓς ἔθρεψε συβώτης, ὄρχαμος ἀνδρῶν.

αὐτὸς δʼ ἀμφὶ πόδεσσιν ἑοῖς ἀράρισκε πέδιλα,

τάμνων δέρμα βόειον ἐϋχροές· οἱ δὲ δὴ ἄλλοι

ᾤχοντʼ ἄλλυδις ἄλλος ἅμʼ ἀγρομένοισι σύεσσιν,

οἱ τρεῖς· τὸν δὲ τέταρτον ἀποπροέηκε πόλινδε

σῦν ἀγέμεν μνηστῆρσιν ὑπερφιάλοισιν ἀνάγκῃ,

ὄφρʼ ἱερεύσαντες κρειῶν κορεσαίατο θυμόν.

When the hounds saw Odysseus they set up a furious barking and flew at him, but Odysseus was cunning enough to sit down and loose his hold of the stick that he had in his hand: still, he would have been torn by them in his own homestead had not the swineherd dropped his ox hide, rushed full speed through the gate of the yard and driven the dogs off by shouting and throwing stones at them. Then he said to Odysseus, "Old man, the dogs were likely to have made short work of you, and then you would have got me into trouble. The gods have given me quite enough worries without that, for I have lost the best of masters, and am in continual grief on his account. I have to attend swine for other people to eat, while he, if he yet lives to see the light of day, is starving in some distant dêmos . But come inside, and when you have had your fill of bread and wine, tell me where you come from, and all about your misfortunes."

ἐξαπίνης δʼ Ὀδυσῆα ἴδον κύνες ὑλακόμωροι.

οἱ μὲν κεκλήγοντες ἐπέδραμον· αὐτὰρ Ὀδυσσεὺς

ἕζετο κερδοσύνη, σκῆπτρον δέ οἱ ἔκπεσε χειρός.

ἔνθα κεν ᾧ πὰρ σταθμῷ ἀεικέλιον πάθεν ἄλγος·

ἀλλὰ συβώτης ὦκα ποσὶ κραιπνοῖσι μετασπὼν

ἔσσυτʼ ἀνὰ πρόθυρον, σκῦτος δέ οἱ ἔκπεσε χειρός.

τοὺς μὲν ὁμοκλήσας σεῦεν κύνας ἄλλυδις ἄλλον

πυκνῇσιν λιθάδεσσιν· ὁ δὲ προσέειπεν ἄνακτα·

ὦ γέρον, ἦ ὀλίγου σε κύνες διεδηλήσαντο

ἐξαπίνης, καί κέν μοι ἐλεγχείην κατέχευας.

καὶ δέ μοι ἄλλα θεοὶ δόσαν ἄλγεά τε στοναχάς τε·

ἀντιθέου γὰρ ἄνακτος ὀδυρόμενος καὶ ἀχεύων

ἧμαι, ἄλλοισιν δὲ σύας σιάλους ἀτιτάλλω

ἔδμεναι· αὐτὰρ κεῖνος ἐελδόμενός που ἐδωδῆς

πλάζετʼ ἐπʼ ἀλλοθρόων ἀνδρῶν δῆμόν τε πόλιν τε,

εἴ που ἔτι ζώει καὶ ὁρᾷ φάος ἠελίοιο.

ἀλλʼ ἕπεο, κλισίηνδʼ ἴομεν, γέρον, ὄφρα καὶ αὐτός,

σίτου καὶ οἴνοιο κορεσσάμενος κατὰ θυμόν,

εἴπῃς ὁππόθεν ἐσσὶ καὶ ὁππόσα κήδεʼ ἀνέτλης.

On this the swineherd led the way into the hut and bade him sit down. He strewed a good thick bed of rushes upon the floor, and on the top of this he threw the shaggy chamois skin - a great thick one - on which he used to sleep by night. Odysseus was pleased at being made thus welcome, and said "May Zeus, sir, and the rest of the gods grant you your heart's desire in return for the kind way in which you have received me."

ὣς εἰπὼν κλισίηνδʼ ἡγήσατο δῖος ὑφορβός,

εἷσεν δʼ εἰσαγαγών, ῥῶπας δʼ ὑπέχευε δασείας,

ἐστόρεσεν δʼ ἐπὶ δέρμα ἰονθάδος ἀγρίου αἰγός,

αὐτοῦ ἐνεύναιον, μέγα καὶ δασύ. χαῖρε δʼ Ὀδυσσεὺς

ὅττι μιν ὣς ὑπέδεκτο, ἔπος τʼ ἔφατʼ ἔκ τʼ ὀνόμαζεν·

Ζεύς τοι δοίη, ξεῖνε, καὶ ἀθάνατοι θεοὶ ἄλλοι

ὅττι μάλιστʼ ἐθέλεις, ὅτι με πρόφρων ὑπέδεξο.

To this you answered, O swineherd Eumaios, "Stranger, though a still poorer man should come here, it would not be right for me to insult him, for all strangers and beggars are from Zeus. You must take what you can get and be thankful, for servants live in fear when they have young lords for their masters; and this is my misfortune now, for heaven has hindered the return [ nostos ] of him who would have been always good to me and given me something of my own - a house, a piece of land, a good looking wife, and all else that a liberal master allows a servant who has worked hard for him, and whose labor the gods have prospered as they have mine in the situation which I hold. If my master had grown old here he would have done great things by me, but he is gone, and I wish that Helen's whole race were utterly destroyed, for she has been the death of many a good man. It was this matter that took my master to Ilion , the land of noble steeds, to fight the Trojans in the cause of king Agamemnon."

τὸν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφης, Εὔμαιε συβῶτα·

ξεῖνʼ, οὔ μοι θέμις ἔστʼ, οὐδʼ εἰ κακίων σέθεν ἔλθοι,

ξεῖνον ἀτιμῆσαι· πρὸς γὰρ Διός εἰσιν ἅπαντες

ξεῖνοί τε πτωχοί τε· δόσις δʼ ὀλίγη τε φίλη τε

γίγνεται ἡμετέρη· ἡ γὰρ δμώων δίκη ἐστὶν

αἰεὶ δειδιότων, ὅτʼ ἐπικρατέωσιν ἄνακτες

οἱ νέοι. ἦ γὰρ τοῦ γε θεοὶ κατὰ νόστον ἔδησαν,

ὅς κεν ἔμʼ ἐνδυκέως ἐφίλει καὶ κτῆσιν ὄπασσεν,

οἶκόν τε κλῆρόν τε πολυμνήστην τε γυναῖκα,

οἷά τε ᾧ οἰκῆϊ ἄναξ εὔθυμος ἔδωκεν,

ὅς οἱ πολλὰ κάμῃσι, θεὸς δʼ ἐπὶ ἔργον ἀέξῃ,

ὡς καὶ ἐμοὶ τόδε ἔργον ἀέξεται, ᾧ ἐπιμίμνω.

τῷ κέ με πόλλʼ ὤνησεν ἄναξ, εἰ αὐτόθʼ ἐγήρα·

ἀλλʼ ὄλεθʼ—ὡς ὤφελλʼ Ἑλένης ἀπὸ φῦλον ὀλέσθαι

πρόχνυ, ἐπεὶ πολλῶν ἀνδρῶν ὑπὸ γούνατʼ ἔλυσε·

καὶ γὰρ κεῖνος ἔβη Ἀγαμέμνονος εἵνεκα τιμῆς

As he spoke he bound his belt round him and went to the sties where the young sucking pigs were penned. He picked out two which he brought back with him and sacrificed. He singed them, cut them up, and spitted on them; when the meat was cooked he brought it all in and set it before Odysseus, hot and still on the spit, whereon Odysseus sprinkled it over with white barley meal. The swineherd then mixed wine in a bowl of ivy-wood, and taking a seat opposite Odysseus told him to begin.

Ἴλιον εἰς εὔπωλον, ἵνα Τρώεσσι μάχοιτο.

ὣς εἰπὼν ζωστῆρι θοῶς συνέεργε χιτῶνα,

βῆ δʼ ἴμεν ἐς συφεούς, ὅθι ἔθνεα ἔρχατο χοίρων.

ἔνθεν ἑλὼν δύʼ ἔνεικε καὶ ἀμφοτέρους ἱέρευσεν,

εὗσέ τε μίστυλλέν τε καὶ ἀμφʼ ὀβελοῖσιν ἔπειρεν.

ὀπτήσας δʼ ἄρα πάντα φέρων παρέθηκʼ Ὀδυσῆϊ

θέρμʼ αὐτοῖς ὀβελοῖσιν· ὁ δʼ ἄλφιτα λευκὰ πάλυνεν·

ἐν δʼ ἄρα κισσυβίῳ κίρνη μελιηδέα οἶνον,

"Fall to, stranger," said he, "on a dish of servant's pork. The fat pigs have to go to the suitors, who eat them up without shame or scruple; but the blessed gods love not such shameful doings, and respect those who do what is lawful and right [ dikê ]. Even the fierce free-booters who go raiding on other people's land, and Zeus gives them their spoil - even they, when they have filled their ships and got home again live conscience-stricken, and look fearfully for judgment; but some god seems to have told these people that Odysseus is dead and gone; they will not, therefore, go back to their own homes and make their offers of marriage in the proper way [ dikaios ], but waste his estate by force, without fear or stint. Not a day or night comes out of heaven, but they sacrifice not one victim nor two only, and they take the run of his wine, for he was exceedingly rich. No other great man either in Ithaca or on the mainland is as rich as he was; he had as much as twenty men put together. I will tell you what he had. There are twelve herds of cattle upon the mainland, and as many flocks of sheep, there are also twelve droves of pigs, while his own men and hired strangers feed him twelve widely spreading herds of goats. Here in Ithaca he runs even large flocks of goats on the far end of the island, and they are in the charge of excellent goatherds. Each one of these sends the suitors the best goat in the flock every day. As for myself, I am in charge of the pigs that you see here, and I have to keep picking [ krinô ] out the best I have and sending it to them."

αὐτὸς δʼ ἀντίον ἷζεν, ἐποτρύνων δὲ προσηύδα·

ἔσθιε νῦν, ὦ ξεῖνε, τά τε δμώεσσι πάρεστι,

χοίρεʼ· ἀτὰρ σιάλους γε σύας μνηστῆρες ἔδουσιν,

οὐκ ὄπιδα φρονέοντες ἐνὶ φρεσὶν οὐδʼ ἐλεητύν.

οὐ μὲν σχέτλια ἔργα θεοὶ μάκαρες φιλέουσιν,

ἀλλὰ δίκην τίουσι καὶ αἴσιμα ἔργʼ ἀνθρώπων.

καὶ μὲν δυσμενέες καὶ ἀνάρσιοι, οἵ τʼ ἐπὶ γαίης

ἀλλοτρίης βῶσιν καί σφι Ζεὺς ληΐδα δώῃ,

πλησάμενοι δέ τε νῆας ἔβαν οἶκόνδε νέεσθαι,

καὶ μὲν τοῖς ὄπιδος κρατερὸν δέος ἐν φρεσὶ πίπτει.

οἵδε δὲ καί τι ἴσασι, θεοῦ δέ τινʼ ἔκλυον αὐδήν,

κείνου λυγρὸν ὄλεθρον, ὅτʼ οὐκ ἐθέλουσι δικαίως

μνᾶσθαι οὐδὲ νέεσθαι ἐπὶ σφέτερʼ, ἀλλὰ ἕκηλοι

κτήματα δαρδάπτουσιν ὑπέρβιον, οὐδʼ ἔπι φειδώ.

ὅσσαι γὰρ νύκτες τε καὶ ἡμέραι ἐκ Διός εἰσιν,

οὔ ποθʼ ἓν ἱρεύουσʼ ἱερήϊον, οὐδὲ δύʼ οἴω·

οἶνον δὲ φθινύθουσιν ὑπέρβιον ἐξαφύοντες.

ἦ γάρ οἱ ζωή γʼ ἦν ἄσπετος· οὔ τινι τόσση

ἀνδρῶν ἡρώων, οὔτʼ ἠπείροιο μελαίνης

οὔτʼ αὐτῆς Ἰθάκης· οὐδὲ ξυνεείκοσι φωτῶν

ἔστʼ ἄφενος τοσσοῦτον· ἐγὼ δέ κέ τοι καταλέξω.

δώδεκʼ ἐν ἠπείρῳ ἀγέλαι· τόσα πώεα οἰῶν,

τόσσα συῶν συβόσια, τόσʼ αἰπόλια πλατέʼ αἰγῶν

βόσκουσι ξεῖνοί τε καὶ αὐτοῦ βώτορες ἄνδρες.

ἐνθάδε δʼ αἰπόλια πλατέʼ αἰγῶν ἕνδεκα πάντα

ἐσχατιῇ βόσκοντʼ, ἐπὶ δʼ ἀνέρες ἐσθλοὶ ὄρονται.

τῶν αἰεί σφιν ἕκαστος ἐπʼ ἤματι μῆλον ἀγινεῖ,

ζατρεφέων αἰγῶν ὅς τις φαίνηται ἄριστος.

αὐτὰρ ἐγὼ σῦς τάσδε φυλάσσω τε ῥύομαί τε,

This was his story, but Odysseus went on eating and drinking ravenously without a word, brooding his revenge. When he had eaten enough and was satisfied, the swineherd took the bowl from which he usually drank, filled it with wine, and gave it to Odysseus, who was pleased, and said as he took it in his hands, "My friend, who was this master of yours that bought you and paid for you, so rich and so powerful as you tell me? You say he perished in the cause of King Agamemnon; tell me who he was, in case I may have met with such a person. Zeus and the other gods know, but I may be able to give you news of him, for I have traveled much."

καί σφι συῶν τὸν ἄριστον ἐῢ κρίνας ἀποπέμπω.

ὣς φάθʼ, ὁ δʼ ἐνδυκέως κρέα τʼ ἤσθιε πῖνέ τε οἶνον

ἁρπαλέως ἀκέων, κακὰ δὲ μνηστῆρσι φύτευεν.

αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ δείπνησε καὶ ἤραρε θυμὸν ἐδωδῇ,

καί οἱ πλησάμενος δῶκε σκύφον, ᾧ περ ἔπινεν,

οἴνου ἐνίπλειον· ὁ δʼ ἐδέξατο, χαῖρε δὲ θυμῷ,

καί μιν φωνήσας ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα·

ὦ φίλε, τίς γάρ σε πρίατο κτεάτεσσιν ἑοῖσιν,

ὧδε μάλʼ ἀφνειὸς καὶ καρτερὸς ὡς ἀγορεύεις;

φῆς δʼ αὐτὸν φθίσθαι Ἀγαμέμνονος εἵνεκα τιμῆς.

εἰπέ μοι, αἴ κέ ποθι γνώω τοιοῦτον ἐόντα.

Ζεὺς γάρ που τό γε οἶδε καὶ ἀθάνατοι θεοὶ ἄλλοι,

Eumaios answered, "Old man, no traveler who comes here with news will get Odysseus’ wife and son to believe his story. Nevertheless, tramps in want of a lodging keep coming with their mouths full of lies, and not a word of truth [ alêthês ]; every one who finds his way to the Ithacan dêmos goes to my mistress and tells her falsehoods, whereon she takes them in, makes much of them, and asks them all manner of questions, crying all the time as women will when they have lost their husbands. And you too, old man, for a shirt and a cloak would doubtless make up a very pretty story. But the wolves and birds of prey have long since torn Odysseus to pieces, and his psukhê left him behind; or the fishes of the sea have eaten him, and his bones are lying buried deep in sand upon some foreign shore; he is dead and gone, and a bad business it is for all his friends - for me especially; go where I may I shall never find so good a master, not even if I were to go home to my mother and father where I was bred and born. I do not so much care, however, about my parents now, though I should dearly like to see them again in my own country; it is the loss of Odysseus that grieves me most; I cannot speak of him without reverence though he is here no longer, for he was very fond of me, and took such care of me that wherever he may be I shall always honor his memory."

εἴ κέ μιν ἀγγείλαιμι ἰδών· ἐπὶ πολλὰ δʼ ἀλήθην.

τὸν δʼ ἠμείβετʼ ἔπειτα συβώτης, ὄρχαμος ἀνδρῶν·

ὦ γέρον, οὔ τις κεῖνον ἀνὴρ ἀλαλήμενος ἐλθὼν

ἀγγέλλων πείσειε γυναῖκά τε καὶ φίλον υἱόν,

ἀλλʼ ἄλλως κομιδῆς κεχρημένοι ἄνδρες ἀλῆται

ψεύδοντʼ, οὐδʼ ἐθέλουσιν ἀληθέα μυθήσασθαι.

ὃς δέ κʼ ἀλητεύων Ἰθάκης ἐς δῆμον ἵκηται,

ἐλθὼν ἐς δέσποιναν ἐμὴν ἀπατήλια βάζει·

ἡ δʼ εὖ δεξαμένη φιλέει καὶ ἕκαστα μεταλλᾷ,

καί οἱ ὀδυρομένῃ βλεφάρων ἄπο δάκρυα πίπτει,

ἣ θέμις ἐστὶ γυναικός, ἐπὴν πόσις ἄλλοθʼ ὄληται.

αἶψά κε καὶ σύ, γεραιέ, ἔπος παρατεκτήναιο.

εἴ τίς τοι χλαῖνάν τε χιτῶνά τε εἵματα δοίη.

τοῦ δʼ ἤδη μέλλουσι κύνες ταχέες τʼ οἰωνοὶ

ῥινὸν ἀπʼ ὀστεόφιν ἐρύσαι, ψυχὴ δὲ λέλοιπεν·

ἢ τόν γʼ ἐν πόντῳ φάγον ἰχθύες, ὀστέα δʼ αὐτοῦ

κεῖται ἐπʼ ἠπείρου ψαμάθῳ εἰλυμένα πολλῇ.

ὣς ὁ μὲν ἔνθʼ ἀπόλωλε, φίλοισι δὲ κήδεʼ ὀπίσσω

πᾶσιν, ἐμοὶ δὲ μάλιστα, τετεύχαται· οὐ γὰρ ἔτʼ ἄλλον

ἤπιον ὧδε ἄνακτα κιχήσομαι, ὁππόσʼ ἐπέλθω,

οὐδʼ εἴ κεν πατρὸς καὶ μητέρος αὖτις ἵκωμαι

οἶκον, ὅθι πρῶτον γενόμην καί μʼ ἔτρεφον αὐτοί.

οὐδέ νυ τῶν ἔτι τόσσον ὀδύρομαι, ἱέμενός περ

ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ἰδέσθαι ἐὼν ἐν πατρίδι γαίῃ·

ἀλλά μʼ Ὀδυσσῆος πόθος αἴνυται οἰχομένοιο.

τὸν μὲν ἐγών, ὦ ξεῖνε, καὶ οὐ παρεόντʼ ὀνομάζειν

αἰδέομαι· πέρι γάρ μʼ ἐφίλει καὶ κήδετο θυμῷ·

"My friend," replied Odysseus, "you are very positive, and very hard of belief about your master's coming home again, nevertheless I will not merely say, but will swear, that he is coming. Do not give me anything for my news till he has actually come, you may then give me a shirt and cloak of good wear if you will. I am in great want, but I will not take anything at all till then, for hateful [ ekhthros ] is the man, as hateful as Hades, who lets his poverty tempt him into lying. I swear by king Zeus, by the rites of hospitality, and by that hearth of Odysseus to which I have now come, that all will surely happen as I have said it will. Odysseus will return in this self same year; with the end of this moon and the beginning of the next he will be here to do vengeance on all those who are ill treating his wife and son."

ἀλλά μιν ἠθεῖον καλέω καὶ νόσφιν ἐόντα.

τὸν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπε πολύτλας δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς·

ὦ φίλʼ, ἐπειδὴ πάμπαν ἀναίνεαι, οὐδʼ ἔτι φῇσθα

κεῖνον ἐλεύσεσθαι, θυμὸς δέ τοι αἰὲν ἄπιστος·

ἀλλʼ ἐγὼ οὐκ αὔτως μυθήσομαι, ἀλλὰ σὺν ὅρκῳ,

ὡς νεῖται Ὀδυσεύς· εὐαγγέλιον δέ μοι ἔστω

αὐτίκʼ, ἐπεί κεν κεῖνος ἰὼν τὰ ἃ δώμαθʼ ἵκηται·

ἕσσαι με χλαῖνάν τε χιτῶνά τε, εἵματα καλά·

πρὶν δέ κε, καὶ μάλα περ κεχρημένος, οὔ τι δεχοίμην.

ἐχθρὸς γάρ μοι κεῖνος ὁμῶς Ἀΐδαο πύλῃσι

γίγνεται, ὃς πενίῃ εἴκων ἀπατήλια βάζει.

ἴστω νῦν Ζεὺς πρῶτα θεῶν, ξενίη τε τράπεζα,

ἱστίη τʼ Ὀδυσῆος ἀμύμονος, ἣν ἀφικάνω·

ἦ μέν τοι τάδε πάντα τελείεται ὡς ἀγορεύω.

τοῦδʼ αὐτοῦ λυκάβαντος ἐλεύσεται ἐνθάδʼ Ὀδυσσεύς.

τοῦ μὲν φθίνοντος μηνός, τοῦ δʼ ἱσταμένοιο,

οἴκαδε νοστήσει, καὶ τίσεται ὅς τις ἐκείνου

To this you answered, O swineherd Eumaios, "Old man, you will neither get paid for bringing good news, nor will Odysseus ever come home; drink you wine in peace, and let us talk about something else. Do not keep on reminding me of all this; it always pains me when any one speaks about my honored master. As for your oath we will let it alone, but I only wish he may come, as do Penelope, his old father Laertes , and his son Telemakhos. I am terribly unhappy too about this same boy of his; he was running up fast into manhood, and bade fare to be no worse man, face and figure, than his father, but some one, either god or man, has been unsettling his mind, so he has gone off to Pylos to try and get news of his father, and the suitors are lying in wait for him as he is coming home, in the hope of leaving the house of Arceisius without a name in Ithaca . But let us say no more about him, and leave him to be taken, or else to escape if the son of Kronos holds his hand over him to protect him. And now, old man, tell me your own story; tell me also, for I want to know, who you are and where you come from. Tell me of your town and parents, what manner of ship you came in, what crew brought you to Ithaca , and from what country they professed to come - for you cannot have come by land."

ἐνθάδʼ ἀτιμάζει ἄλοχον καὶ φαίδιμον υἱόν.

τὸν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφης, Εὔμαιε συβῶτα·

ὦ γέρον, οὔτʼ ἄρʼ ἐγὼν εὐαγγέλιον τόδε τίσω,

οὔτʼ Ὀδυσεὺς ἔτι οἶκον ἐλεύσεται· ἀλλὰ ἕκηλος

πῖνε, καὶ ἄλλα παρὲξ μεμνώμεθα, μηδέ με τούτων

μίμνησκʼ· ἦ γὰρ θυμὸς ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν ἐμοῖσιν

ἄχνυται, ὁππότε τις μνήσῃ κεδνοῖο ἄνακτος.

ἀλλʼ ἦ τοι ὅρκον μὲν ἐάσομεν, αὐτὰρ Ὀδυσσεὺς

ἔλθοι ὅπως μιν ἐγώ γʼ ἐθέλω καὶ Πηνελόπεια

Λαέρτης θʼ ὁ γέρων καὶ Τηλέμαχος θεοειδής.

νῦν αὖ παιδὸς ἄλαστον ὀδύρομαι, ὃν τέκʼ Ὀδυσσεύς,

Τηλεμάχου· τὸν ἐπεὶ θρέψαν θεοὶ ἔρνεϊ ἶσον,

καί μιν ἔφην ἔσσεσθαι ἐν ἀνδράσιν οὔ τι χέρηα

πατρὸς ἑοῖο φίλοιο, δέμας καὶ εἶδος ἀγητόν,

τὸν δέ τις ἀθανάτων βλάψε φρένας ἔνδον ἐΐσας

ἠέ τις ἀνθρώπων· ὁ δʼ ἔβη μετὰ πατρὸς ἀκουὴν

ἐς Πύλον ἠγαθέην· τὸν δὲ μνηστῆρες ἀγαυοὶ

οἴκαδʼ ἰόντα λοχῶσιν, ὅπως ἀπὸ φῦλον ὄληται

νώνυμον ἐξ Ἰθάκης Ἀρκεισίου ἀντιθέοιο.

ἀλλʼ ἦ τοι κεῖνον μὲν ἐάσομεν, ἤ κεν ἁλώῃ

ἦ κε φύγῃ καί κέν οἱ ὑπέρσχῃ χεῖρα Κρονίων.

ἀλλʼ ἄγε μοι σύ, γεραιέ, τὰ σʼ αὐτοῦ κήδεʼ ἐνίσπες

καί μοι τοῦτʼ ἀγόρευσον ἐτήτυμον, ὄφρʼ ἐῢ εἰδῶ·

τίς πόθεν εἶς ἀνδρῶν; πόθι τοι πόλις ἠδὲ τοκῆες;

ὁπποίης τʼ ἐπὶ νηὸς ἀφίκεο· πῶς δέ σε ναῦται

ἤγαγον εἰς Ἰθάκην; τίνες ἔμμεναι εὐχετόωντο;

And Odysseus answered, "I will tell you all about it. If there were meat and wine enough, and we could stay here in the hut with nothing to do but to eat and drink while the others go to their work, I could easily talk on for a whole twelve months without ever finishing the story of the sorrows with which it has pleased heaven to visit me.

οὐ μὲν γάρ τί σε πεζὸν ὀΐομαι ἐνθάδʼ ἱκέσθαι.

τὸν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη πολύμητις Ὀδυσσεύς

τοιγὰρ ἐγώ τοι ταῦτα μάλʼ ἀτρεκέως ἀγορεύσω.

εἴη μὲν νῦν νῶϊν ἐπὶ χρόνον ἠμὲν ἐδωδὴ

ἠδὲ μέθυ γλυκερὸν κλισίης ἔντοσθεν ἐοῦσι,

δαίνυσθαι ἀκέοντʼ, ἄλλοι δʼ ἐπὶ ἔργον ἕποιεν·

ῥηϊδίως κεν ἔπειτα καὶ εἰς ἐνιαυτὸν ἅπαντα

οὔ τι διαπρήξαιμι λέγων ἐμὰ κήδεα θυμοῦ,

"I am by birth a Cretan; my father was a well-to-do man, who had many sons born in marriage, whereas I was the son of a slave whom he had purchased for a concubine; nevertheless, my father Castor son of Hylax (whose lineage I claim, and who was held in the highest honor in the dêmos of the Cretans for his wealth, prosperity [ olbos ], and the valor of his sons) put me on the same level with my brothers who had been born in wedlock. When, however, death took him to the house of Hades, his sons divided his estate and cast lots for their shares, but to me they gave a holding and little else; nevertheless, my valor [ aretê ] enabled me to marry into a rich family, for I was not given to bragging, or shirking on the field of battle. It is all over now; still, if you look at the straw you can see what the ear was, for I have had trouble enough and to spare. Ares and Athena made me doughty in war; when I had picked [ krinô ] my men to surprise the enemy with an ambuscade I never gave death so much as a thought, but was the first to leap forward and spear all whom I could overtake. Such was I in battle, but I did not care about farm work, nor the frugal home life of those who would bring up children. My delight was in ships, fighting, javelins, and arrows - things that most men shudder to think of; but one man likes one thing and another another, and this was what I was most naturally inclined to. Before the Achaeans went to Troy , nine times was I in command of men and ships on foreign service, and I amassed much wealth. I had my pick of the spoil in the first instance, and much more was allotted to me later on.

ὅσσα γε δὴ ξύμπαντα θεῶν ἰότητι μόγησα.

ἐκ μὲν Κρητάων γένος εὔχομαι εὐρειάων,

ἀνέρος ἀφνειοῖο πάϊς· πολλοὶ δὲ καὶ ἄλλοι

υἱέες ἐν μεγάρῳ ἠμὲν τράφεν ἠδʼ ἐγένοντο

γνήσιοι ἐξ ἀλόχου· ἐμὲ δʼ ὠνητὴ τέκε μήτηρ

παλλακίς, ἀλλά με ἶσον ἰθαιγενέεσσιν ἐτίμα

Κάστωρ Ὑλακίδης, τοῦ ἐγὼ γένος εὔχομαι εἶναι

ὃς τότʼ ἐνὶ Κρήτεσσι θεὸς ὣς τίετο δήμῳ

ὄλβῳ τε πλούτῳ τε καὶ υἱάσι κυδαλίμοισιν.

ἀλλʼ ἦ τοι τὸν κῆρες ἔβαν θανάτοιο φέρουσαι

εἰς Ἀΐδαο δόμους· τοὶ δὲ ζωὴν ἐδάσαντο

παῖδες ὑπέρθυμοι καὶ ἐπὶ κλήρους ἐβάλοντο,

αὐτὰρ ἐμοὶ μάλα παῦρα δόσαν καὶ οἰκίʼ ἔνειμαν.

ἠγαγόμην δὲ γυναῖκα πολυκλήρων ἀνθρώπων

εἵνεκʼ ἐμῆς ἀρετῆς, ἐπεὶ οὐκ ἀποφώλιος ἦα

οὐδὲ φυγοπτόλεμος· νῦν δʼ ἤδη πάντα λέλοιπεν

ἀλλʼ ἔμπης καλάμην γέ σʼ ὀΐομαι εἰσορόωντα

γιγνώσκειν· ἦ γάρ με δύη ἔχει ἤλιθα πολλή.

ἦ μὲν δὴ θάρσος μοι Ἄρης τʼ ἔδοσαν καὶ Ἀθήνη

καὶ ῥηξηνορίην· ὁπότε κρίνοιμι λόχονδε

ἄνδρας ἀριστῆας, κακὰ δυσμενέεσσι φυτεύων,

οὔ ποτέ μοι θάνατον προτιόσσετο θυμὸς ἀγήνωρ,

ἀλλὰ πολὺ πρώτιστος ἐπάλμενος ἔγχει ἕλεσκον

ἀνδρῶν δυσμενέων ὅ τέ μοι εἴξειε πόδεσσιν.

τοῖος ἔα ἐν πολέμῳ· ἔργον δέ μοι οὐ φίλον ἔσκεν

οὐδʼ οἰκωφελίη, ἥ τε τρέφει ἀγλαὰ τέκνα,

ἀλλά μοι αἰεὶ νῆες ἐπήρετμοι φίλαι ἦσαν

καὶ πόλεμοι καὶ ἄκοντες ἐΰξεστοι καὶ ὀϊστοί,

λυγρά, τά τʼ ἄλλοισίν γε καταριγηλὰ πέλονται.

αὐτὰρ ἐμοὶ τὰ φίλʼ ἔσκε τά που θεὸς ἐν φρεσὶ θῆκεν·

ἄλλος γάρ τʼ ἄλλοισιν ἀνὴρ ἐπιτέρπεται ἔργοις.

πρὶν μὲν γὰρ Τροίης ἐπιβήμεναι υἷας Ἀχαιῶν

εἰνάκις ἀνδράσιν ἦρξα καὶ ὠκυπόροισι νέεσσιν

ἄνδρας ἐς ἀλλοδαπούς, καί μοι μάλα τύγχανε πολλά.

"My house grew apace and I became a great man among the Cretans, but when Zeus counseled that terrible expedition, in which so many perished, the people required me and Idomeneus to lead their ships to Troy , and there was no way out of it, for the judgment of the dêmos insisted on our doing so. There we fought for nine whole years, but in the tenth we sacked the city of Priam and sailed home again as heaven dispersed us. Then it was that Zeus devised evil against me. I spent but one month happily with my children, wife, and property, and then I conceived the idea of making a descent on Egypt , so I fitted out a fine fleet and manned it. I had nine ships, and the people flocked to fill them. For six days I and my men made feast, and I found them many victims both for sacrifice to the gods and for themselves, but on the seventh day we went on board and set sail from Crete with a fair North wind behind us though we were going down a river. Nothing went ill with any of our ships, and we had no sickness on board, but sat where we were and let the ships go as the wind and steersmen took them. On the fifth day we reached the river Aigyptos; there I stationed my ships in the river, bidding my men stay by them and keep guard over them while I sent out scouts to reconnoiter from every point of vantage.

τῶν ἐξαιρεύμην μενοεικέα, πολλὰ δʼ ὀπίσσω

λάγχανον· αἶψα δὲ οἶκος ὀφέλλετο, καί ῥα ἔπειτα

δεινός τʼ αἰδοῖός τε μετὰ Κρήτεσσι τετύγμην.

ἀλλʼ ὅτε δὴ τήν γε στυγερὴν ὁδὸν εὐρύοπα Ζεὺς

ἐφράσαθʼ, ἣ πολλῶν ἀνδρῶν ὑπὸ γούνατʼ ἔλυσε,

δὴ τότʼ ἔμʼ ἤνωγον καὶ ἀγακλυτὸν Ἰδομενῆα

νήεσσʼ ἡγήσασθαι ἐς Ἴλιον· οὐδέ τι μῆχος

ἦεν ἀνήνασθαι, χαλεπὴ δʼ ἔχε δήμου φῆμις.

ἔνθα μὲν εἰνάετες πολεμίζομεν υἷες Ἀχαιῶν,

τῷ δεκάτῳ δὲ πόλιν Πριάμου πέρσαντες ἔβημεν

οἴκαδε σὺν νήεσσι, θεὸς δʼ ἐκέδασσεν Ἀχαιούς.

αὐτὰρ ἐμοὶ δειλῷ κακὰ μήδετο μητίετα Ζεύς·

μῆνα γὰρ οἶον ἔμεινα τεταρπόμενος τεκέεσσιν

κουριδίῃ τʼ ἀλόχῳ καὶ κτήμασιν· αὐτὰρ ἔπειτα

Αἴγυπτόνδε με θυμὸς ἀνώγει ναυτίλλεσθαι,

νῆας ἐῢ στείλαντα σὺν ἀντιθέοις ἑτάροισιν.

ἐννέα νῆας στεῖλα, θοῶς δʼ ἐσαγείρατο λαός.

ἑξῆμαρ μὲν ἔπειτα ἐμοὶ ἐρίηρες ἑταῖροι

δαίνυντʼ· αὐτὰρ ἐγὼν ἱερήϊα πολλὰ παρεῖχον

θεοῖσίν τε ῥέζειν αὐτοῖσί τε δαῖτα πένεσθαι.

ἑβδομάτῃ δʼ ἀναβάντες ἀπὸ Κρήτης εὐρείης

ἐπλέομεν Βορέῃ ἀνέμῳ ἀκραέϊ καλῷ

ῥηϊδίως, ὡς εἴ τε κατὰ ῥόον· οὐδέ τις οὖν μοι

νηῶν πημάνθη, ἀλλʼ ἀσκηθέες καὶ ἄνουσοι

ἥμεθα, τὰς δʼ ἄνεμός τε κυβερνῆταί τʼ ἴθυνον.

πεμπταῖοι δʼ Αἴγυπτον ἐϋρρείτην ἱκόμεσθα,

στῆσα δʼ ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ ποταμῷ νέας ἀμφιελίσσας.

ἔνθʼ ἦ τοι μὲν ἐγὼ κελόμην ἐρίηρας ἑταίρους

αὐτοῦ πὰρ νήεσσι μένειν καὶ νῆας ἔρυσθαι,

"But the men in their insolence [ hubris ] disobeyed my orders, took to their own devices, and ravaged the land of the Egyptians, killing the men, and taking their wives and children captive. The alarm was soon carried to the city, and when they heard the war cry, the people came out at daybreak till the plain was filled with horsemen and foot soldiers and with the gleam of armor. Then Zeus spread panic among my men, and they would no longer face the enemy, for they found themselves surrounded. The Egyptians killed many of us, and took the rest alive to do forced labor for them. Zeus, however, put it in my mind to do thus - and I wish I had died then and there in Egypt instead, for there was much sorrow in store for me - I took off my helmet and shield and dropped my spear from my hand; then I went straight up to the king's chariot, clasped his knees and kissed them, whereon he spared my life, bade me get into his chariot, and took me weeping to his own home. Many made at me with their ashen spears and tried to kill me in their fury, but the king protected me, for he feared the mênis of Zeus the protector of strangers, who punishes those who do evil.

ὀπτῆρας δὲ κατὰ σκοπιὰς ὤτρυνα νέεσθαι·

οἱ δʼ ὕβρει εἴξαντες, ἐπισπόμενοι μένεϊ σφῷ,

αἶψα μάλʼ Αἰγυπτίων ἀνδρῶν περικαλλέας ἀγροὺς

πόρθεον, ἐκ δὲ γυναῖκας ἄγον καὶ νήπια τέκνα,

αὐτούς τʼ ἔκτεινον· τάχα δʼ ἐς πόλιν ἵκετʼ ἀϋτή.

οἱ δὲ βοῆς ἀΐοντες ἅμʼ ἠοῖ φαινομένηφιν

ἦλθον· πλῆτο δὲ πᾶν πεδίον πεζῶν τε καὶ ἵππων

χαλκοῦ τε στεροπῆς· ἐν δὲ Ζεὺς τερπικέραυνος

φύζαν ἐμοῖς ἑτάροισι κακὴν βάλεν, οὐδέ τις ἔτλη

μεῖναι ἐναντίβιον· περὶ γὰρ κακὰ πάντοθεν ἔστη.

ἔνθʼ ἡμέων πολλοὺς μὲν ἀπέκτανον ὀξέϊ χαλκῷ,

τοὺς δʼ ἄναγον ζωούς, σφίσιν ἐργάζεσθαι ἀνάγκῃ.

αὐτὰρ ἐμοὶ Ζεὺς αὐτὸς ἐνὶ φρεσὶν ὧδε νόημα

ποίησʼ—ὡς ὄφελον θανέειν καὶ πότμον ἐπισπεῖν

αὐτοῦ ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ· ἔτι γάρ νύ με πῆμʼ ὑπέδεκτο—

αὐτίκʼ ἀπὸ κρατὸς κυνέην εὔτυκτον ἔθηκα

καὶ σάκος ὤμοιϊν, δόρυ δʼ ἔκβαλον ἔκτοσε χειρός·

αὐτὰρ ἐγὼ βασιλῆος ἐναντίον ἤλυθον ἵππων

καὶ κύσα γούναθʼ ἑλών· ὁδʼ ἐρύσατο καί μʼ ἐλέησεν,

ἐς δίφρον δέ μʼ ἕσας ἄγεν οἴκαδε δάκρυ χέοντα.

ἦ μέν μοι μάλα πολλοὶ ἐπήϊσσον μελίῃσιν,

ἱέμενοι κτεῖναι—δὴ γὰρ κεχολώατο λίην—

ἀλλʼ ἀπὸ κεῖνος ἔρυκε, Διὸς δʼ ὠπίζετο μῆνιν

"I stayed there for seven years and got together much wealth among the Egyptians, for they all gave me something; but when it was now going on for eight years there came a certain Phoenician, a cunning rascal, who had already committed all sorts of villainy, and this man talked me over into going with him to Phoenicia , where his house and his possessions lay. I stayed there for a whole twelve months, but at the end of that time when months and days had gone by till the same season [ hôra ] had come round again, he set me on board a ship bound for Libya , on a pretense that I was to take a cargo along with him to that place, but really that he might sell me as a slave and take the wealth I fetched. I suspected his intention, but went on board with him, for I could not help it.

ξεινίου, ὅς τε μάλιστα νεμεσσᾶται κακὰ ἔργα.

ἔνθα μὲν ἑπτάετες μένον αὐτόθι, πολλὰ δʼ ἄγειρα

χρήματʼ ἀνʼ Αἰγυπτίους ἄνδρας· δίδοσαν γὰρ ἅπαντες.

ἀλλʼ ὅτε δὴ ὄγδοόν μοι ἐπιπλόμενον ἔτος ἦλθεν,

δὴ τότε Φοῖνιξ ἦλθεν ἀνὴρ ἀπατήλια εἰδώς,

τρώκτης, ὃς δὴ πολλὰ κάκʼ ἀνθρώποισιν ἐώργει·

ὅς μʼ ἄγε παρπεπιθὼν ᾗσι φρεσίν, ὄφρʼ ἱκόμεσθα

Φοινίκην, ὅθι τοῦ γε δόμοι καὶ κτήματʼ ἔκειτο.

ἔνθα παρʼ αὐτῷ μεῖνα τελεσφόρον εἰς ἐνιαυτόν.

ἀλλʼ ὅτε δὴ μῆνές τε καὶ ἡμέραι ἐξετελεῦντο

ἄψ περιτελλομένου ἔτεος καὶ ἐπήλυθον ὧραι,

ἐς Λιβύην μʼ ἐπὶ νηὸς ἐέσσατο ποντοπόροιο

ψεύδεα βουλεύσας, ἵνα οἱ σὺν φόρτον ἄγοιμι,

κεῖθι δέ μʼ ὡς περάσειε καὶ ἄσπετον ὦνον ἕλοιτο.

"The ship ran before a fresh North wind till we had reached the sea that lies between Crete and Libya ; there, however, Zeus counseled their destruction, for as soon as we were well out from Crete and could see nothing but sea and sky, he raised a black cloud over our ship and the sea grew dark beneath it. Then Zeus let fly with his thunderbolts and the ship went round and round and was filled with fire and brimstone as the lightning struck it. The men fell all into the sea; they were carried about in the water round the ship looking like so many sea-gulls, but the god presently deprived them of all chance of homecoming [ nostos ] again. I was all dismayed; Zeus, however, sent the ship's mast within my reach, which saved my life, for I clung to it, and drifted before the fury of the gale. Nine days did I drift but in the darkness of the tenth night a great wave bore me on to the Thesprotian coast. There Pheidon king of the Thesprotians entertained me hospitably without charging me anything at all, for his son found me when I was nearly dead with cold and fatigue, whereon he raised me by the hand, took me to his father's house and gave me clothes to wear.

τῷ ἑπόμην ἐπὶ νηός, ὀϊόμενός περ, ἀνάγκῃ.

ἡ δʼ ἔθεεν Βορέῃ ἀνέμῳ ἀκραέϊ καλῷ,

μέσσον ὑπὲρ Κρήτης· Ζεὺς δέ σφισι μήδετʼ ὄλεθρον.

ἀλλʼ ὅτε δὴ Κρήτην μὲν ἐλείπομεν, οὐδέ τις ἄλλη

φαίνετο γαιάων, ἀλλʼ οὐρανὸς ἠδὲ θάλασσα,

δὴ τότε κυανέην νεφέλην ἔστησε Κρονίων

νηὸς ὕπερ γλαφυρῆς, ἤχλυσε δὲ πόντος ὑπʼ αὐτῆς.

Ζεὺς δʼ ἄμυδις βρόντησε καὶ ἔμβαλε νηῒ κεραυνόν·

ἡ δʼ ἐλελίχθη πᾶσα Διὸς πληγεῖσα κεραυνῷ,

ἐν δὲ θεείου πλῆτο· πέσον δʼ ἐκ νηὸς ἅπαντες.

οἱ δὲ κορώνῃσιν ἴκελοι περὶ νῆα μέλαιναν

κύμασιν ἐμφορέοντο· θεὸς δʼ ἀποαίνυτο νόστον.

αὐτὰρ ἐμοὶ Ζεὺς αὐτός, ἔχοντί περ ἄλγεα θυμῷ,

ἱστὸν ἀμαιμάκετον νηὸς κυανοπρῴροιο

ἐν χείρεσσιν ἔθηκεν, ὅπως ἔτι πῆμα φύγοιμι.

τῷ ῥα περιπλεχθεὶς φερόμην ὀλοοῖς ἀνέμοισιν.

ἐννῆμαρ φερόμην, δεκάτῃ δέ με νυκτὶ μελαίνῃ

γαίῃ Θεσπρωτῶν πέλασεν μέγα κῦμα κυλίνδον.

ἔνθα με Θεσπρωτῶν βασιλεὺς ἐκομίσσατο Φείδων

ἥρως ἀπριάτην· τοῦ γὰρ φίλος υἱὸς ἐπελθὼν

αἴθρῳ καὶ καμάτῳ δεδμημένον ἦγεν ἐς οἶκον,

χειρὸς ἀναστήσας, ὄφρʼ ἵκετο δώματα πατρός·

"There it was that I heard news of Odysseus, for the king told me he had entertained him, and shown him much hospitality while he was on his homeward journey. He showed me also the treasure of gold, and wrought iron that Odysseus had got together. There was enough to keep his family for ten generations, so much had he left in the house of king Pheidon. But the king said Odysseus had gone to Dodona that he might learn Zeus’ mind from the god's high oak tree, and know whether after so long an absence he should return to the dêmos of Ithaca openly, or in secret. Moreover the king swore in my presence, making drink-offerings in his own house as he did so, that the ship was by the water side, and the crew found, that should take him to his own country. He sent me off however before Odysseus returned, for there happened to be a Thesprotian ship sailing for the wheat-growing island of Dulichium, and he told those in charge of her to be sure and take me safely to King Akastos.

ἀμφὶ δέ με χλαῖνάν τε χιτῶνά τε εἵματα ἕσσεν.

ἔνθʼ Ὀδυσῆος ἐγὼ πυθόμην· κεῖνος γὰρ ἔφασκε

ξεινίσαι ἠδὲ φιλῆσαι ἰόντʼ ἐς πατρίδα γαῖαν,

καί μοι κτήματʼ ἔδειξεν ὅσα ξυναγείρατʼ Ὀδυσσεύς,

χαλκόν τε χρυσόν τε πολύκμητόν τε σίδηρον.

καί νύ ἐς δεκάτην γενεὴν ἕτερόν γʼ ἔτι βόσκοι·

τόσσα οἱ ἐν μεγάροις κειμήλια κεῖτο ἄνακτος.

τὸν δʼ ἐς Δωδώνην φάτο βήμεναι, ὄφρα θεοῖο

ἐκ δρυὸς ὑψικόμοιο Διὸς βουλὴν ἐπακούσαι,

ὅππως νοστήσειʼ Ἰθάκης ἐς πίονα δῆμον

ἤδη δὴν ἀπεών, ἢ ἀμφαδὸν ἦε κρυφηδόν.

ὤμοσε δὲ πρὸς ἔμʼ αὐτόν, ἀποσπένδων ἐνὶ οἴκῳ,

νῆα κατειρύσθαι καὶ ἐπαρτέας ἔμμεν ἑταίρους,

οἳ δή μιν πέμψουσι φίλην ἐς πατρίδα γαῖαν.

ἀλλʼ ἐμὲ πρὶν ἀπέπεμψε· τύχησε γὰρ ἐρχομένη νηῦς

ἀνδρῶν Θεσπρωτῶν ἐς Δουλίχιον πολύπυρον.

"These men hatched a plot against me that would have reduced me to the very extreme of misery, for when the ship had got some way out from land they resolved on selling me as a slave. They stripped me of the shirt and cloak that I was wearing, and gave me instead the tattered old clouts in which you now see me; then, towards nightfall, they reached the tilled lands of Ithaca , and there they bound me with a strong rope fast in the ship, while they went on shore to get supper by the sea side. But the gods soon undid my bonds for me, and having drawn my rags over my head I slid down the rudder into the sea, where I struck out and swam till I was well clear of them, and came ashore near a thick wood in which I lay concealed. They were very angry at my having escaped and went searching about for me, till at last they thought it was no further use and went back to their ship. The gods, having hidden me thus easily, then took me to a good man's door - for it seems that I am not to die yet awhile."

ἔνθʼ ὅ γέ μʼ ἠνώγει πέμψαι βασιλῆϊ Ἀκάστῳ

ἐνδυκέως· τοῖσιν δὲ κακὴ φρεσὶν ἥνδανε βουλὴ

ἀμφʼ ἐμοί, ὄφρʼ ἔτι πάγχυ δύης ἐπὶ πῆμα γενοίμην.

ἀλλʼ ὅτε γαίης πολλὸν ἀπέπλω ποντοπόρος νηῦς,

αὐτίκα δούλιον ἦμαρ ἐμοὶ περιμηχανόωντο.

ἐκ μέν με χλαῖνάν τε χιτῶνά τε εἵματʼ ἔδυσαν,

ἀμφὶ δέ μοι ῥάκος ἄλλο κακὸν βάλον ἠδὲ χιτῶνα,

ῥωγαλέα, τὰ καὶ αὐτὸς ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ὅρηαι·

ἑσπέριοι δʼ Ἰθάκης εὐδειέλου ἔργʼ ἀφίκοντο.

ἔνθʼ ἐμὲ μὲν κατέδησαν ἐϋσσέλμῳ ἐνὶ νηῒ

ὅπλῳ ἐϋστρεφέϊ στερεῶς, αὐτοὶ δʼ ἀποβάντες

ἐσσυμένως παρὰ θῖνα θαλάσσης δόρπον ἕλοντο.

αὐτὰρ ἐμοὶ δεσμὸν μὲν ἀνέγναμψαν θεοὶ αὐτοὶ

ῥηϊδίως· κεφαλῇ δὲ κατὰ ῥάκος ἀμφικαλύψας,

ξεστὸν ἐφόλκαιον καταβὰς ἐπέλασσα θαλάσσῃ

στῆθος, ἔπειτα δὲ χερσὶ διήρεσσʼ ἀμφοτέρῃσι

νηχόμενος, μάλα δʼ ὦκα θύρηθʼ ἔα ἀμφὶς ἐκείνων.

ἔνθʼ ἀναβάς, ὅθι τε δρίος ἦν πολυανθέος ὕλης,

κείμην πεπτηώς. οἱ δὲ μεγάλα στενάχοντες

φοίτων· ἀλλʼ οὐ γάρ σφιν ἐφαίνετο κέρδιον εἶναι

μαίεσθαι προτέρω, τοὶ μὲν πάλιν αὖτις ἔβαινον

νηὸς ἔπι γλαφυρῆς· ἐμὲ δʼ ἔκρυψαν θεοὶ αὐτοὶ

ῥηϊδίως, καί με σταθμῷ ἐπέλασσαν ἄγοντες

To this you answered, O swineherd Eumaios, "Poor unhappy stranger, I have found the story of your misfortunes extremely interesting, but that part about Odysseus is not right [ kosmos ]; and you will never get me to believe it. Why should a man like you go about telling lies in this way? I know all about the return [ nostos ] of my master. The gods one and all of them detest him, or they would have taken him before Troy , or let him die with friends around him when the days of his fighting were done; for then the Achaeans would have built a mound over his ashes and his son would have been heir to his kleos , but now the storm winds have spirited him away we know not where.

ἀνδρὸς ἐπισταμένου· ἔτι γάρ νύ μοι αἶσα βιῶναι.

τὸν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφης, Εὔμαιε συβῶτα·

ἆ δειλὲ ξείνων, ἦ μοι μάλα θυμὸν ὄρινας

ταῦτα ἕκαστα λέγων, ὅσα δὴ πάθες ἠδʼ ὅσʼ ἀλήθης.

ἀλλὰ τά γʼ οὐ κατὰ κόσμον ὀΐομαι, οὐδέ με πείσεις

εἰπὼν ἀμφʼ Ὀδυσῆϊ· τί σε χρὴ τοῖον ἐόντα

μαψιδίως ψεύδεσθαι; ἐγὼ δʼ εὖ οἶδα καὶ αὐτὸς

νόστον ἐμοῖο ἄνακτος, ὅ τʼ ἤχθετο πᾶσι θεοῖσι

πάγχυ μάλʼ, ὅττι μιν οὔ τι μετὰ Τρώεσσι δάμασσαν

ἠὲ φίλων ἐν χερσίν, ἐπεὶ πόλεμον τολύπευσε.

τῷ κέν οἱ τύμβον μὲν ἐποίησαν Παναχαιοί,

ἠδέ κε καὶ ᾧ παιδὶ μέγα κλέος ἤρατʼ ὀπίσσω

"As for me I live out of the way here with the pigs, and never go to the town unless when Penelope sends for me on the arrival of some news about Odysseus. Then they all sit round and ask questions, both those who grieve over the king's absence, and those who rejoice at it because they can eat up his property without paying for it. For my own part I have never cared about asking anyone else since the time when I was taken in by an Aetolian, who had killed a man and come a long way till at last he reached my station, and I was very kind to him. He said he had seen Odysseus with Idomeneus among the Cretans, refitting his ships which had been damaged in a gale. He said Odysseus would return in the following summer or autumn with his men, and that he would bring back much wealth. And now you, you unfortunate old man, since a daimôn has brought you to my door, do not try to flatter me in this way with vain hopes. It is not for any such reason that I shall treat you kindly, but only out of respect for Zeus the god of hospitality, as fearing him and pitying you."

νῦν δέ μιν ἀκλειῶς ἅρπυιαι ἀνηρείψαντο.

αὐτὰρ ἐγὼ παρʼ ὕεσσιν ἀπότροπος· οὐδὲ πόλινδε

ἔρχομαι, εἰ μή πού τι περίφρων Πηνελόπεια

ἐλθέμεν ὀτρύνῃσιν, ὅτʼ ἀγγελίη ποθὲν ἔλθῃ.

ἀλλʼ οἱ μὲν τὰ ἕκαστα παρήμενοι ἐξερέουσιν,

ἠμὲν οἳ ἄχνυνται δὴν οἰχομένοιο ἄνακτος,

ἠδʼ οἳ χαίρουσιν βίοτον νήποινον ἔδοντες·

ἀλλʼ ἐμοὶ οὐ φίλον ἐστὶ μεταλλῆσαι καὶ ἐρέσθαι,

ἐξ οὗ δή μʼ Αἰτωλὸς ἀνὴρ ἐξήπαφε μύθῳ,

ὅς ῥʼ ἄνδρα κτείνας, πολλὴν ἐπὶ γαῖαν ἀληθείς,

ἦλθεν ἐμὰ πρὸς δώματʼ· ἐγὼ δέ μιν ἀμφαγάπαζον.

φῆ δέ μιν ἐν Κρήτεσσι παρʼ Ἰδομενῆϊ ἰδέσθαι

νῆας ἀκειόμενον, τάς οἱ ξυνέαξαν ἄελλαι·

καὶ φάτʼ ἐλεύσεσθαι ἢ ἐς θέρος ἢ ἐς ὀπώρην,

πολλὰ χρήματʼ ἄγοντα, σὺν ἀντιθέοις ἑτάροισι.

καὶ σύ, γέρον πολυπενθές, ἐπεί σέ μοι ἤγαγε δαίμων,

μήτε τί μοι ψεύδεσσι χαρίζεο μήτε τι θέλγε·

οὐ γὰρ τοὔνεκʼ ἐγώ σʼ αἰδέσσομαι οὐδὲ φιλήσω,

Odysseus answered, "I see that you are of an unbelieving mind; I have given you my oath, and yet you will not credit me; let us then make a bargain, and call all the gods in heaven to witness it. If your master comes home, give me a cloak and shirt of good wear, and send me to Dulichium where I want to go; but if he does not come as I say he will, set your men on to me, and tell them to throw me from yonder precipice, as a warning to tramps not to go about the country telling lies."

ἀλλὰ Δία ξένιον δείσας αὐτόν τʼ ἐλεαίρων.

τὸν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη πολύμητις Ὀδυσσεύς

ἦ μάλα τίς τοι θυμὸς ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν ἄπιστος,

οἷόν σʼ οὐδʼ ὀμόσας περ ἐπήγαγον οὐδέ σε πείθω.

ἀλλʼ ἄγε νῦν ῥήτρην ποιησόμεθʼ· αὐτὰρ ὄπισθε

μάρτυροι ἀμφοτέροισι θεοί, τοὶ Ὄλυμπον ἔχουσιν.

εἰ μέν κεν νοστήσῃ ἄναξ τεὸς ἐς τόδε δῶμα,

ἕσσας με χλαῖνάν τε χιτῶνά τε εἵματα πέμψαι

Δουλίχιόνδʼ ἰέναι, ὅθι μοι φίλον ἔπλετο θυμῷ·

εἰ δέ κε μὴ ἔλθῃσιν ἄναξ τεὸς ὡς ἀγορεύω,

δμῶας ἐπισσεύας βαλέειν μεγάλης κατὰ πέτρης,

"And aretê famed among men would be mine " replied Eumaios, "both now and hereafter, if I were to kill you after receiving you into my hut and showing you hospitality. I should have to say my prayers in good earnest if I did; but it is just supper time [ hôra ] and I hope my men will come in directly, that we may cook something savory for supper."

ὄφρα καὶ ἄλλος πτωχὸς ἀλεύεται ἠπεροπεύειν.

τὸν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσεφώνεε δῖος ὑφορβός·

ξεῖνʼ, οὕτω γάρ κέν μοι ἐϋκλείη τʼ ἀρετή τε

εἴη ἐπʼ ἀνθρώπους ἅμα τʼ αὐτίκα καὶ μετέπειτα,

ὅς σʼ ἐπεὶ ἐς κλισίην ἄγαγον καὶ ξείνια δῶκα,

αὖτις δὲ κτείναιμι φίλον τʼ ἀπὸ θυμὸν ἑλοίμην·

πρόφρων κεν δὴ ἔπειτα Δία Κρονίωνα λιτοίμην.

νῦν δʼ ὥρη δόρποιο· τάχιστά μοι ἔνδον ἑταῖροι

Thus did they converse, and presently the swineherds came up with the pigs, which were then shut up for the night in their sties, and a tremendous squealing they made as they were being driven into them. But Eumaios called to his men and said, "Bring in the best pig you have, that I may sacrifice for this stranger, and we will take toll of him ourselves. We have had trouble enough this long time feeding pigs, while others reap the fruit of our labor."

εἶεν, ἵνʼ ἐν κλισίῃ λαρὸν τετυκοίμεθα δόρπον.

ὣς οἱ μὲν τοιαῦτα πρὸς ἀλλήλους ἀγόρευον,

ἀγχίμολον δὲ σύες τε καὶ ἀνέρες ἦλθον ὑφορβοί.

τὰς μὲν ἄρα ἔρξαν κατὰ ἤθεα κοιμηθῆναι,

κλαγγὴ δʼ ἄσπετος ὦρτο συῶν αὐλιζομενάων

αὐτὰρ ὁ οἷς ἑτάροισιν ἐκέκλετο δῖος ὑφορβός·

ἄξεθʼ ὑῶν τὸν ἄριστον, ἵνα ξείνῳ ἱερεύσω

τηλεδαπῷ· πρὸς δʼ αὐτοὶ ὀνησόμεθʼ, οἵ περ ὀϊζὺν

δὴν ἔχομεν πάσχοντες ὑῶν ἕνεκʼ ἀργιοδόντων·

On this he began chopping firewood, while the others brought in a fine fat five year old boar pig, and set it at the altar. Eumaios did not forget the gods, for he was a man of good principles, so the first thing he did was to cut bristles from the pig's face and throw them into the fire, praying to all the gods as he did so that Odysseus might return home again. Then he clubbed the pig with a billet of oak which he had kept back when he was chopping the firewood, and its psukhê left it, while the others slaughtered and singed it. Then they cut it up, and Eumaios began by putting raw pieces from each joint on to some of the fat; these he sprinkled with barley meal, and laid upon the embers; they cut the rest of the meat up small, put the pieces upon the spits and roasted them till they were done; when they had taken them off the spits they threw them on to the dresser in a heap. The swineherd, who was a most equitable man, then stood up to give every one his share. He made seven portions; one of these he set apart for Hermes the son of Maia and the nymphs, praying to them as he did so; the others he dealt out to the men man by man. He gave Odysseus some slices cut lengthways down the loin as a mark of especial honor, and Odysseus was much pleased. "I hope, Eumaios," said he, "that Zeus will be as well disposed towards you as I am, for the respect you are showing to an outcast like myself."

ἄλλοι δʼ ἡμέτερον κάματον νήποινον ἔδουσιν.

ὣς ἄρα φωνήσας κέασε ξύλα νηλέϊ χαλκῷ,

οἱ δʼ ὗν εἰσῆγον μάλα πίονα πενταέτηρον.

τὸν μὲν ἔπειτʼ ἔστησαν ἐπʼ ἐσχάρῃ· οὐδὲ συβώτης

λήθετʼ ἄρʼ ἀθανάτων· φρεσὶ γὰρ κέχρητʼ ἀγαθῇσιν·

ἀλλʼ ὅγʼ ἀπαρχόμενος κεφαλῆς τρίχας ἐν πυρὶ βάλλεν

ἀργιόδοντος ὑός, καὶ ἐπεύχετο πᾶσι θεοῖσιν

νοστῆσαι Ὀδυσῆα πολύφρονα ὅνδε δόμονδε.

κόψε δʼ ἀνασχόμενος σχίζῃ δρυός, ἣν λίπε κείων·

τὸν δʼ ἔλιπε ψυχή. τοὶ δʼ ἔσφαξάν τε καὶ εὗσαν·

αἶψα δέ μιν διέχευαν· ὁ δʼ ὠμοθετεῖτο συβώτης,

πάντων ἀρχόμενος μελέων, ἐς πίονα δημόν,

καὶ τὰ μὲν ἐν πυρὶ βάλλε, παλύνας ἀλφίτου ἀκτῇ,

μίστυλλόν τʼ ἄρα τἆλλα καὶ ἀμφʼ ὀβελοῖσιν ἔπειραν,

ὤπτησάν τε περιφραδέως ἐρύσαντό τε πάντα,

βάλλον δʼ εἰν ἐλεοῖσιν ἀολλέα· ἂν δὲ συβώτης

ἵστατο δαιτρεύσων· περὶ γὰρ φρεσὶν αἴσιμα ᾔδη.

καὶ τὰ μὲν ἕπταχα πάντα διεμοιρᾶτο δαΐζων·

τὴν μὲν ἴαν νύμφῃσι καὶ Ἑρμῇ, Μαιάδος υἱεῖ,

θῆκεν ἐπευξάμενος, τὰς δʼ ἄλλας νεῖμεν ἑκάστῳ·

νώτοισιν δʼ Ὀδυσῆα διηνεκέεσσι γέραιρεν

ἀργιόδοντος ὑός, κύδαινε δὲ θυμὸν ἄνακτος·

καί μιν φωνήσας προσέφη πολύμητις Ὀδυσσεύς·

To this you answered, O swineherd Eumaios, "Eat, my good fellow, and enjoy your supper, such as it is. A god grants this, and withholds that, just as he thinks right, for he can do whatever he chooses."

αἴθʼ οὕτως, Εὔμαιε, φίλος Διὶ πατρὶ γένοιο

ὡς ἐμοί, ὅττι τε τοῖον ἐόντʼ ἀγαθοῖσι γεραίρεις.

τὸν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφης, Εὔμαιε συβῶτα·

ἔσθιε, δαιμόνιε ξείνων, καὶ τέρπεο τοῖσδε,

οἷα πάρεστι· θεὸς δὲ τὸ μὲν δώσει, τὸ δʼ ἐάσει,

As he spoke he cut off the first piece and offered it as a burnt sacrifice to the immortal gods; then he made them a drink-offering, put the cup in the hands of Odysseus, and sat down to his own portion. Mesaulios brought them their bread; the swineherd had bought this man on his own account from among the Taphians during his master's absence, and had paid for him with his own wealth without saying anything either to his mistress or Laertes . They then laid their hands upon the good things that were before them, and when they had had enough to eat and drink, Mesaulios took away what was left of the bread, and they all went to bed after having made a hearty supper.

ὅττι κεν ᾧ θυμῷ ἐθέλῃ· δύναται γὰρ ἅπαντα.

ἦ ῥα καὶ ἄργματα θῦσε θεοῖς αἰειγενέτῃσι,

σπείσας δʼ αἴθοπα οἶνον Ὀδυσσῆϊ πτολιπόρθῳ

ἐν χείρεσσιν ἔθηκεν· ὁ δʼ ἕζετο ᾗ παρὰ μοίρῃ.

σῖτον δέ σφιν ἔνειμε Μεσαύλιος, ὅν ῥα συβώτης

αὐτὸς κτήσατο οἶος ἀποιχομένοιο ἄνακτος,

νόσφιν δεσποίνης καὶ Λαέρταο γέροντος·

πὰρ δʼ ἄρα μιν Ταφίων πρίατο κτεάτεσσιν ἑοῖσιν.

οἱ δʼ ἐπʼ ὀνείαθʼ ἑτοῖμα προκείμενα χεῖρας ἴαλλον.

αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ πόσιος καὶ ἐδητύος ἐξ ἔρον ἕντο,

σῖτον μέν σφιν ἀφεῖλε Μεσαύλιος, οἱ δʼ ἐπὶ κοῖτον

Now the night came on stormy and very dark, for there was no moon. It poured without ceasing, and the wind blew strong from the West, which is a wet quarter, so Odysseus thought he would see whether Eumaios, in the excellent care he took of him, would take off his own cloak and give it him, or make one of his men give him one. "Listen to me," said he, "Eumaios and the rest of you; when I have said a prayer I will tell you something. It is the wine that makes me talk in this way; wine will make even a wise man fall to singing; it will make him chuckle and dance and say many a word that he had better leave unspoken; still, as I have begun, I will go on. Would that I were still young and strong [ biê ] as when we got up an ambuscade before Troy . Menelaos and Odysseus were the leaders, but I was in command also, for the other two would have it so. When we had come up to the wall of the city we crouched down beneath our armor and lay there under cover of the reeds and thick brush-wood that grew about the swamp. It came on to freeze with a North wind blowing; the snow fell small and fine like hoar frost, and our shields were coated thick with rime. The others had all got cloaks and shirts, and slept comfortably enough with their shields about their shoulders, but I had carelessly left my cloak behind me, not thinking that I should be too cold, and had gone off in nothing but my shirt and shield. When the night was two-thirds through and the stars had shifted their places, I nudged Odysseus who was close to me with my elbow, and he at once gave me his ear.

σίτου καὶ κρειῶν κεκορημένοι ἐσσεύοντο.

νὺξ δʼ ἄρʼ ἐπῆλθε κακὴ σκοτομήνιος, ὗε δʼ ἄρα Ζεὺς

πάννυχος, αὐτὰρ ἄη Ζέφυρος μέγας αἰὲν ἔφυδρος.

τοῖς δʼ Ὀδυσεὺς μετέειπε, συβώτεω πειρητίζων,

εἴ πώς οἱ ἐκδὺς χλαῖναν πόροι, ἤ τινʼ ἑταίρων

ἄλλον ἐποτρύνειεν, ἐπεί ἑο κήδετο λίην·

κέκλυθι νῦν, Εὔμαιε καὶ ἄλλοι πάντες ἑταῖροι,

εὐξάμενός τι ἔπος ἐρέω· οἶνος γὰρ ἀνώγει

ἠλεός, ὅς τʼ ἐφέηκε πολύφρονά περ μάλʼ ἀεῖσαι

καί θʼ ἁπαλὸν γελάσαι, καί τʼ ὀρχήσασθαι ἀνῆκε,

καί τι ἔπος προέηκεν ὅ περ τʼ ἄρρητον ἄμεινον.

ἀλλʼ ἐπεὶ οὖν τὸ πρῶτον ἀνέκραγον, οὐκ ἐπικεύσω.

εἴθʼ ὣς ἡβώοιμι βίη τέ μοι ἔμπεδος εἴη,

ὡς ὅθʼ ὑπὸ Τροίην λόχον ἤγομεν ἀρτύναντες.

ἡγείσθην δʼ Ὀδυσεύς τε καὶ Ἀτρεΐδης Μενέλαος,

τοῖσι δʼ ἅμα τρίτος ἄρχον ἐγών· αὐτοὶ γὰρ ἄνωγον.

ἀλλʼ ὅτε δή ῥʼ ἱκόμεσθα ποτὶ πτόλιν αἰπύ τε τεῖχος,

ἡμεῖς μὲν περὶ ἄστυ κατὰ ῥωπήϊα πυκνά,

ἂν δόνακας καὶ ἕλος, ὑπὸ τεύχεσι πεπτηῶτες

κείμεθα. νὺξ δʼ ἄρʼ ἐπῆλθε κακὴ Βορέαο πεσόντος,

πηγυλίς· αὐτὰρ ὕπερθε χιὼν γένετʼ ἠΰτε πάχνη,

ψυχρή, καὶ σακέεσσι περιτρέφετο κρύσταλλος.

ἔνθʼ ἄλλοι πάντες χλαίνας ἔχον ἠδὲ χιτῶνας,

εὗδον δʼ εὔκηλοι, σάκεσιν εἰλυμένοι ὤμους·

αὐτὰρ ἐγὼ χλαῖναν μὲν ἰὼν ἑτάροισιν ἔλειπον

ἀφραδίῃς, ἐπεὶ οὐκ ἐφάμην ῥιγωσέμεν ἔμπης,

ἀλλʼ ἑπόμην σάκος οἶον ἔχων καὶ ζῶμα φαεινόν.

ἀλλʼ ὅτε δὴ τρίχα νυκτὸς ἔην, μετὰ δʼ ἄστρα βεβήκει,

καὶ τότʼ ἐγὼν Ὀδυσῆα προσηύδων ἐγγὺς ἐόντα

"‘Odysseus,’ said I, ‘this cold will be the death of me, for I have no cloak; some daimôn fooled me into setting off with nothing on but my shirt, and I do not know what to do.’

ἀγκῶνι νύξας· ὁ δʼ ἄρʼ ἐμμαπέως ὑπάκουσε·

διογενὲς Λαερτιάδη, πολυμήχανʼ Ὀδυσσεῦ,

οὔ τοι ἔτι ζωοῖσι μετέσσομαι, ἀλλά με χεῖμα

δάμναται· οὐ γὰρ ἔχω χλαῖναν· παρά μʼ ἤπαφε δαίμων

"Odysseus, who was as crafty as he was valiant, hit upon the following plan [ noos ]:

οἰοχίτωνʼ ἔμεναι· νῦν δʼ οὐκέτι φυκτὰ πέλονται.

ὣς ἐφάμην, ὁ δʼ ἔπειτα νόον σχέθε τόνδʼ ἐνὶ θυμῷ,

οἷος κεῖνος ἔην βουλευέμεν ἠδὲ μάχεσθαι·

"‘Keep still,’ said he in a low voice, ‘or the others will hear you.’ Then he raised his head on his elbow.

φθεγξάμενος δʼ ὀλίγῃ ὀπί με πρὸς μῦθον ἔειπε·

σίγα νῦν, μή τίς σευ Ἀχαιῶν ἄλλος ἀκούσῃ.

"‘My friends,’ said he, ‘I have had a dream from heaven in my sleep. We are a long way from the ships; I wish some one would go down and tell Agamemnon to send us up more men at once.’

ἦ καὶ ἐπʼ ἀγκῶνος κεφαλὴν σχέθεν εἶπέ τε μῦθον·

κλῦτε, φίλοι· θεῖός μοι ἐνύπνιον ἦλθεν ὄνειρος.

λίην γὰρ νηῶν ἑκὰς ἤλθομεν· ἀλλά τις εἴη

εἰπεῖν Ἀτρεΐδῃ Ἀγαμέμνονι, ποιμένι λαῶν,

"On this Thoas son of Andraimon threw off his cloak and set out running to the ships, whereon I took the cloak and lay in it comfortably enough till morning. Would that I were still young and strong [ biê ] as I was in those days, for then some one of you swineherds would give me a cloak both out of good will and for the respect [ aidôs ] due to a brave warrior; but now people look down upon me because my clothes are shabby."

εἰ πλέονας παρὰ ναῦφιν ἐποτρύνειε νέεσθαι.

ὣς ἔφατʼ, ὦρτο δʼ ἔπειτα Θόας, Ἀνδραίμονος υἱός,

καρπαλίμως, ἀπὸ δὲ χλαῖναν θέτο φοινικόεσσαν,

βῆ δὲ θέειν ἐπὶ νῆας· ἐγὼ δʼ ἐνὶ εἵματι κείνου

κείμην ἀσπασίως, φάε δὲ χρυσόθρονος Ἠώς.

ὣς νῦν ἡβώοιμι βίη τέ μοι ἔμπεδος εἴη·

δοίη κέν τις χλαῖναν ἐνὶ σταθμοῖσι συφορβῶν,

ἀμφότερον, φιλότητι καὶ αἰδοῖ φωτὸς ἑῆος·

And Eumaios answered, "Old man, you have told us an excellent story [ ainos ], and have said nothing so far but what is quite satisfactory; for the present, therefore, you shall want neither clothing nor anything else that a stranger in distress may reasonably expect, but tomorrow morning you have to shake your own old rags about your body again, for we have not many spare cloaks nor shirts up here, but every man has only one. When Odysseus’ son comes home again he will give you both cloak and shirt, and send you wherever you may want to go."

νῦν δέ μʼ ἀτιμάζουσι κακὰ χροῒ εἵματʼ ἔχοντα.

τὸν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφης, Εὔμαιε συβῶτα·

ὦ γέρον, αἶνος μέν τοι ἀμύμων, ὃν κατέλεξας,

οὐδέ τί πω παρὰ μοῖραν ἔπος νηκερδὲς ἔειπες·

τῷ οὔτʼ ἐσθῆτος δευήσεαι οὔτε τευ ἄλλου,

ὧν ἐπέοιχʼ ἱκέτην ταλαπείριον ἀντιάσαντα,

νῦν· ἀτὰρ ἠῶθέν γε τὰ σὰ ῥάκεα δνοπαλίξεις.

οὐ γὰρ πολλαὶ χλαῖναι ἐπημοιβοί τε χιτῶνες

ἐνθάδε ἕννυσθαι, μία δʼ οἴη φωτὶ ἑκάστῳ.

αὐτὰρ ἐπὴν ἔλθῃσιν Ὀδυσσῆος φίλος υἱός,

αὐτός τοι χλαῖνάν τε χιτῶνά τε εἵματα δώσει,

With this he got up and made a bed for Odysseus by throwing some goatskins and sheepskins on the ground in front of the fire. Here Odysseus lay down, and Eumaios covered him over with a great heavy cloak that he kept for a change in case of extraordinarily bad weather.

πέμψει δʼ ὅππῃ σε κραδίη θυμός τε κελεύει.

ὣς εἰπὼν ἀνόρουσε, τίθει δʼ ἄρα οἱ πυρὸς ἐγγὺς

εὐνήν, ἐν δʼ ὀΐων τε καὶ αἰγῶν δέρματʼ ἔβαλλεν.

ἔνθʼ Ὀδυσεὺς κατέλεκτʼ· ἐπὶ δὲ χλαῖναν βάλεν αὐτῷ

πυκνὴν καὶ μεγάλην, ἥ οἱ παρεκέσκετʼ ἀμοιβάς,

Thus did Odysseus sleep, and the young men slept beside him. But the swineherd did not like sleeping away from his pigs, so he got ready to go and Odysseus was glad to see that he looked after his property during his master's absence. First he slung his sword over his brawny shoulders and put on a thick cloak to keep out the wind. He also took the skin of a large and well fed goat, and a javelin in case of attack from men or dogs. Thus equipped he went to his rest where the pigs were camping under an overhanging rock that gave them shelter from the North wind.

ἕννυσθαι ὅτε τις χειμὼν ἔκπαγλος ὄροιτο.

ὣς ὁ μὲν ἔνθʼ Ὀδυσεὺς κοιμήσατο, τοὶ δὲ παρʼ αὐτὸν

ἄνδρες κοιμήσαντο νεηνίαι· οὐδὲ συβώτῃ

ἥνδανεν αὐτόθι κοῖτος, ὑῶν ἄπο κοιμηθῆναι,

ἀλλʼ ὅ γʼ ἄρʼ ἔξω ἰὼν ὡπλίζετο· χαῖρε δʼ Ὀδυσσεύς,

ὅττι ῥά οἱ βιότου περικήδετο νόσφιν ἐόντος.

πρῶτον μὲν ξίφος ὀξὺ περὶ στιβαροῖς βάλετʼ ὤμοις,

ἀμφὶ δὲ χλαῖναν ἑέσσατʼ ἀλεξάνεμον, μάλα πυκνήν,

ἂν δὲ νάκην ἕλετʼ αἰγὸς ἐϋτρεφέος μεγάλοιο,

εἵλετο δʼ ὀξὺν ἄκοντα, κυνῶν ἀλκτῆρα καὶ ἀνδρῶν.

βῆ δʼ ἴμεναι κείων ὅθι περ σύες ἀργιόδοντες

πέτρῃ ὕπο γλαφυρῇ εὗδον, Βορέω ὑπʼ ἰωγῇ.