Iliad

Then Pallas Athena put valor into the heart of Diomedes, son of Tydeus, that he might excel all the other Argives, and cover himself with glory [ kleos ]. She made a stream of fire flare from his shield and helmet like the star that shines most brilliantly in summer after its bath in the waters of Okeanos - even such a fire did she kindle upon his head and shoulders as she bade him speed into the thickest uproar of the fight.

ἔνθʼ αὖ Τυδεΐδῃ Διομήδεϊ Παλλὰς Ἀθήνη

δῶκε μένος καὶ θάρσος, ἵνʼ ἔκδηλος μετὰ πᾶσιν

Ἀργείοισι γένοιτο ἰδὲ κλέος ἐσθλὸν ἄροιτο·

δαῖέ οἱ ἐκ κόρυθός τε καὶ ἀσπίδος ἀκάματον πῦρ

ἀστέρʼ ὀπωρινῷ ἐναλίγκιον, ὅς τε μάλιστα

λαμπρὸν παμφαίνῃσι λελουμένος ὠκεανοῖο·

τοῖόν οἱ πῦρ δαῖεν ἀπὸ κρατός τε καὶ ὤμων,

ὦρσε δέ μιν κατὰ μέσσον ὅθι πλεῖστοι κλονέοντο.

Now there was a certain rich and honorable man among the Trojans, priest of Hephaistos, and his name was Dares. He had two sons, Phegeus and Idaios, both of them skilled in all the arts of war. These two came forward from the main body of Trojans, and set upon Diomedes, he being on foot, while they fought from their chariot. When they were close up to one another, Phegeus took aim first, but his spear went over Diomedes ‘s left shoulder without hitting him. Diomedes then threw, and his spear sped not in vain, for it hit Phegeus on the breast near the nipple, and he fell from his chariot. Idaios did not dare to bestride his brother's body, but sprang from the chariot and took to flight, or he would have shared his brother's fate;

ἦν δέ τις ἐν Τρώεσσι Δάρης ἀφνειὸς ἀμύμων

ἱρεὺς Ἡφαίστοιο· δύω δέ οἱ υἱέες ἤστην

Φηγεὺς Ἰδαῖός τε μάχης εὖ εἰδότε πάσης.

τώ οἱ ἀποκρινθέντε ἐναντίω ὁρμηθήτην·

τὼ μὲν ἀφʼ ἵπποιιν, ὃ δʼ ἀπὸ χθονὸς ὄρνυτο πεζός.

οἳ δʼ ὅτε δὴ σχεδὸν ἦσαν ἐπʼ ἀλλήλοισιν ἰόντες

Φηγεύς ῥα πρότερος προΐει δολιχόσκιον ἔγχος·

Τυδεΐδεω δʼ ὑπὲρ ὦμον ἀριστερὸν ἤλυθʼ ἀκωκὴ

ἔγχεος, οὐδʼ ἔβαλʼ αὐτόν· ὃ δʼ ὕστερος ὄρνυτο χαλκῷ

Τυδεΐδης· τοῦ δʼ οὐχ ἅλιον βέλος ἔκφυγε χειρός,

ἀλλʼ ἔβαλε στῆθος μεταμάζιον, ὦσε δʼ ἀφʼ ἵππων.

Ἰδαῖος δʼ ἀπόρουσε λιπὼν περικαλλέα δίφρον,

οὐδʼ ἔτλη περιβῆναι ἀδελφειοῦ κταμένοιο·

οὐδὲ γὰρ οὐδέ κεν αὐτὸς ὑπέκφυγε κῆρα μέλαιναν,

whereon Hephaistos saved him by wrapping him in a cloud of darkness, that his old father might not be utterly overwhelmed with grief; but the son of Tydeus drove off with the horses, and bade his followers take them to the ships. The Trojans were scared when they saw the two sons of Dares, one of them in fright and the other lying dead by his chariot. Athena, therefore, took Ares by the hand and said, "Ares, Ares, bane of men, bloodstained stormer of cities, may we not now leave the Trojans and Achaeans to fight it out, and see to which of the two Zeus will grant the victory? Let us go away, and thus avoid his anger [ mênis ]."

ἀλλʼ Ἥφαιστος ἔρυτο, σάωσε δὲ νυκτὶ καλύψας,

ὡς δή οἱ μὴ πάγχυ γέρων ἀκαχήμενος εἴη.

ἵππους δʼ ἐξελάσας μεγαθύμου Τυδέος υἱὸς

δῶκεν ἑταίροισιν κατάγειν κοίλας ἐπὶ νῆας.

Τρῶες δὲ μεγάθυμοι ἐπεὶ ἴδον υἷε Δάρητος

τὸν μὲν ἀλευάμενον, τὸν δὲ κτάμενον παρʼ ὄχεσφι,

πᾶσιν ὀρίνθη θυμός· ἀτὰρ γλαυκῶπις Ἀθήνη

χειρὸς ἑλοῦσʼ ἐπέεσσι προσηύδα θοῦρον Ἄρηα·

Ἆρες Ἄρες βροτολοιγὲ μιαιφόνε τειχεσιπλῆτα

οὐκ ἂν δὴ Τρῶας μὲν ἐάσαιμεν καὶ Ἀχαιοὺς

μάρνασθʼ, ὁπποτέροισι πατὴρ Ζεὺς κῦδος ὀρέξῃ,

νῶϊ δὲ χαζώμεσθα, Διὸς δʼ ἀλεώμεθα μῆνιν;

So saying, she drew Ares out of the battle, and set him down upon the steep banks of the Skamandros. Upon this the Danaans drove the Trojans back, and each one of their chieftains killed his man. First King Agamemnon flung mighty Odios, leader of the Halizonoi, from his chariot. The spear of Agamemnon caught him on the broad of his back, just as he was turning in flight; it struck him between the shoulders and went right through his chest, and his armor rang rattling round him as he fell heavily to the ground.

ὣς εἰποῦσα μάχης ἐξήγαγε θοῦρον Ἄρηα·

τὸν μὲν ἔπειτα καθεῖσεν ἐπʼ ἠϊόεντι Σκαμάνδρῳ,

Τρῶας δʼ ἔκλιναν Δαναοί· ἕλε δʼ ἄνδρα ἕκαστος

ἡγεμόνων· πρῶτος δὲ ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν Ἀγαμέμνων

ἀρχὸν Ἁλιζώνων Ὀδίον μέγαν ἔκβαλε δίφρου·

πρώτῳ γὰρ στρεφθέντι μεταφρένῳ ἐν δόρυ πῆξεν

ὤμων μεσσηγύς, διὰ δὲ στήθεσφιν ἔλασσε,

δούπησεν δὲ πεσών, ἀράβησε δὲ τεύχεʼ ἐπʼ αὐτῷ.

Then Idomeneus killed Phaesus, son of Boros the Meonian, who had come from Varne. Mighty Idomeneus speared him on the right shoulder as he was mounting his chariot, and the darkness of death enshrouded him as he fell heavily from the car.

Ἰδομενεὺς δʼ ἄρα Φαῖστον ἐνήρατο Μῄονος υἱὸν

Βώρου, ὃς ἐκ Τάρνης ἐριβώλακος εἰληλούθει.

τὸν μὲν ἄρʼ Ἰδομενεὺς δουρικλυτὸς ἔγχεϊ μακρῷ

νύξʼ ἵππων ἐπιβησόμενον κατὰ δεξιὸν ὦμον·

ἤριπε δʼ ἐξ ὀχέων, στυγερὸς δʼ ἄρα μιν σκότος εἷλε.

The squires [therapontes] of Idomeneus spoiled him of his armor, while Menelaos, son of Atreus, killed Skamandrios the son of Strophios, a mighty huntsman and keen lover of the chase. Artemis herself had taught him how to kill every kind of wild creature that is bred in mountain forests, but neither she nor his famed skill in archery could now save him, for the spear of Menelaos struck him in the back as he was fleeing; it struck him between the shoulders and went right through his chest, so that he fell headlong and his armor rang rattling round him.

τὸν μὲν ἄρʼ Ἰδομενῆος ἐσύλευον θεράποντες·

υἱὸν δὲ Στροφίοιο Σκαμάνδριον αἵμονα θήρης

Ἀτρεΐδης Μενέλαος ἕλʼ ἔγχεϊ ὀξυόεντι

ἐσθλὸν θηρητῆρα· δίδαξε γὰρ Ἄρτεμις αὐτὴ

βάλλειν ἄγρια πάντα, τά τε τρέφει οὔρεσιν ὕλη·

ἀλλʼ οὔ οἱ τότε γε χραῖσμʼ Ἄρτεμις ἰοχέαιρα,

οὐδὲ ἑκηβολίαι ᾗσιν τὸ πρίν γε κέκαστο·

ἀλλά μιν Ἀτρεΐδης δουρικλειτὸς Μενέλαος

πρόσθεν ἕθεν φεύγοντα μετάφρενον οὔτασε δουρὶ

ὤμων μεσσηγύς, διὰ δὲ στήθεσφιν ἔλασσεν,

ἤριπε δὲ πρηνής, ἀράβησε δὲ τεύχεʼ ἐπʼ αὐτῷ.

Meriones then killed Phereklos the son of Tekton, who was the son of Harmon, a man whose hand was skilled in all manner of cunning workmanship, for Pallas Athena had dearly loved him. He it was that made the ships for Alexander, which were the beginning of all mischief, and brought evil alike both on the Trojans and on Alexander himself; for he heeded not the decrees of heaven. Meriones overtook him as he was fleeing, and struck him on the right buttock. The point of the spear went through the bone into the bladder, and death came upon him as he cried aloud and fell forward on his knees.

Μηριόνης δὲ Φέρεκλον ἐνήρατο, τέκτονος υἱὸν

Ἁρμονίδεω, ὃς χερσὶν ἐπίστατο δαίδαλα πάντα

τεύχειν· ἔξοχα γάρ μιν ἐφίλατο Παλλὰς Ἀθήνη·

ὃς καὶ Ἀλεξάνδρῳ τεκτήνατο νῆας ἐΐσας

ἀρχεκάκους, αἳ πᾶσι κακὸν Τρώεσσι γένοντο

οἷ τʼ αὐτῷ, ἐπεὶ οὔ τι θεῶν ἐκ θέσφατα ᾔδη.

τὸν μὲν Μηριόνης ὅτε δὴ κατέμαρπτε διώκων

βεβλήκει γλουτὸν κατὰ δεξιόν· ἣ δὲ διαπρὸ

ἀντικρὺ κατὰ κύστιν ὑπʼ ὀστέον ἤλυθʼ ἀκωκή·

γνὺξ δʼ ἔριπʼ οἰμώξας, θάνατος δέ μιν ἀμφεκάλυψε.

Meges, moreover, slew Pedaios, son of Antenor, who, though he was a bastard, had been brought up by Theano as one of her own children, for the love she bore her husband. The son of Phyleus got close up to him and drove a spear into the nape of his neck: it went under his tongue all among his teeth, so he bit the cold bronze, and fell dead in the dust.

Πήδαιον δʼ ἄρʼ ἔπεφνε Μέγης Ἀντήνορος υἱὸν

ὅς ῥα νόθος μὲν ἔην, πύκα δʼ ἔτρεφε δῖα Θεανὼ

ἶσα φίλοισι τέκεσσι χαριζομένη πόσεϊ ᾧ.

τὸν μὲν Φυλεΐδης δουρὶ κλυτὸς ἐγγύθεν ἐλθὼν

βεβλήκει κεφαλῆς κατὰ ἰνίον ὀξέϊ δουρί·

ἀντικρὺ δʼ ἀνʼ ὀδόντας ὑπὸ γλῶσσαν τάμε χαλκός·

ἤριπε δʼ ἐν κονίῃ, ψυχρὸν δʼ ἕλε χαλκὸν ὀδοῦσιν.

And Eurypylos, son of Euaemon, killed Hypsenor, the son of noble Dolopion, who had been made priest of the river Skamandros, and was honored in the dêmos as though he were a god. Eurypylos gave him chase as he was fleeing before him, smote him with his sword upon the arm, and lopped his strong hand from off it. The bloody hand fell to the ground, and the shades of death, with fate that no man can withstand, came over his eyes.

Εὐρύπυλος δʼ Εὐαιμονίδης Ὑψήνορα δῖον

υἱὸν ὑπερθύμου Δολοπίονος, ὅς ῥα Σκαμάνδρου

ἀρητὴρ ἐτέτυκτο, θεὸς δʼ ὣς τίετο δήμῳ,

τὸν μὲν ἄρʼ Εὐρύπυλος, Εὐαίμονος ἀγλαὸς υἱός,

πρόσθεν ἕθεν φεύγοντα μεταδρομάδην ἔλασʼ ὦμον

φασγάνῳ ἀΐξας, ἀπὸ δʼ ἔξεσε χεῖρα βαρεῖαν·

αἱματόεσσα δὲ χεὶρ πεδίῳ πέσε· τὸν δὲ κατʼ ὄσσε

ἔλλαβε πορφύρεος θάνατος καὶ μοῖρα κραταιή.

ὣς οἳ μὲν πονέοντο κατὰ κρατερὴν ὑσμίνην·

Thus furiously did the battle rage between them. As for the son of Tydeus, you could not say whether he was more among the Achaeans or the Trojans. He rushed across the plain like a winter torrent that has burst its barrier in full flood; no dikes, no walls of fruitful vineyards can embank it when it is swollen with rain from heaven, but in a moment it comes tearing onward, and lays many a field waste that many a strong man hand has reclaimed - even so were the dense phalanxes of the Trojans driven in rout by the son of Tydeus, and many though they were, they dared not abide his onslaught.

Τυδεΐδην δʼ οὐκ ἂν γνοίης ποτέροισι μετείη

ἠὲ μετὰ Τρώεσσιν ὁμιλέοι ἦ μετʼ Ἀχαιοῖς.

θῦνε γὰρ ἂμ πεδίον ποταμῷ πλήθοντι ἐοικὼς

χειμάρρῳ, ὅς τʼ ὦκα ῥέων ἐκέδασσε γεφύρας·

τὸν δʼ οὔτʼ ἄρ τε γέφυραι ἐεργμέναι ἰσχανόωσιν,

οὔτʼ ἄρα ἕρκεα ἴσχει ἀλωάων ἐριθηλέων

ἐλθόντʼ ἐξαπίνης ὅτʼ ἐπιβρίσῃ Διὸς ὄμβρος·

πολλὰ δʼ ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ ἔργα κατήριπε κάλʼ αἰζηῶν·

ὣς ὑπὸ Τυδεΐδῃ πυκιναὶ κλονέοντο φάλαγγες

Τρώων, οὐδʼ ἄρα μιν μίμνον πολέες περ ἐόντες.

Now when the son of Lykaon saw him scouring the plain and driving the Trojans pell-mell before him, he aimed an arrow and hit the front part of his cuirass near the shoulder: the arrow went right through the metal and pierced the flesh, so that the cuirass was covered with blood. On this the son of Lykaon shouted in triumph, "Horsemen Trojans, come on; the bravest of the Achaeans is wounded, and he will not hold out much longer if King Apollo was indeed with me when I sped from Lycia hither."

τὸν δʼ ὡς οὖν ἐνόησε Λυκάονος ἀγλαὸς υἱὸς

θύνοντʼ ἂμ πεδίον πρὸ ἕθεν κλονέοντα φάλαγγας,

αἶψʼ ἐπὶ Τυδεΐδῃ ἐτιταίνετο καμπύλα τόξα,

καὶ βάλʼ ἐπαΐσσοντα τυχὼν κατὰ δεξιὸν ὦμον

θώρηκος γύαλον· διὰ δʼ ἔπτατο πικρὸς ὀϊστός,

ἀντικρὺ δὲ διέσχε, παλάσσετο δʼ αἵματι θώρηξ.

τῷ δʼ ἐπὶ μακρὸν ἄϋσε Λυκάονος ἀγλαὸς υἱός·

ὄρνυσθε Τρῶες μεγάθυμοι κέντορες ἵππων·

βέβληται γὰρ ἄριστος Ἀχαιῶν, οὐδέ ἕ φημι

δήθʼ ἀνσχήσεσθαι κρατερὸν βέλος, εἰ ἐτεόν με

ὦρσεν ἄναξ Διὸς υἱὸς ἀπορνύμενον Λυκίηθεν.

Thus did he vaunt; but his arrow had not killed Diomedes, who withdrew and made for the chariot and horses of Sthenelos, the son of Kapaneus. "Dear son of Kapaneus," said he, "come down from your chariot, and draw the arrow out of my shoulder."

ὣς ἔφατʼ εὐχόμενος· τὸν δʼ οὐ βέλος ὠκὺ δάμασσεν,

ἀλλʼ ἀναχωρήσας πρόσθʼ ἵπποιιν καὶ ὄχεσφιν

ἔστη, καὶ Σθένελον προσέφη Καπανήϊον υἱόν·

ὄρσο πέπον Καπανηϊάδη, καταβήσεο δίφρου,

ὄφρά μοι ἐξ ὤμοιο ἐρύσσῃς πικρὸν ὀϊστόν.

Sthenelos sprang from his chariot, and drew the arrow from the wound, whereon the blood came spouting out through the hole that had been made in his shirt. Then Diomedes prayed, saying, "Hear me, daughter of aegis-bearing Zeus, unweariable, if ever you loved my father well and stood by him in the thick of a fight, do the like now by me; grant me to come within a spear's throw of that man and kill him. He has been too quick for me and has wounded me; and now he is boasting that I shall not see the light of the sun much longer."

ὣς ἄρʼ ἔφη, Σθένελος δὲ καθʼ ἵππων ἆλτο χαμᾶζε,

πὰρ δὲ στὰς βέλος ὠκὺ διαμπερὲς ἐξέρυσʼ ὤμου·

αἷμα δʼ ἀνηκόντιζε διὰ στρεπτοῖο χιτῶνος.

δὴ τότʼ ἔπειτʼ ἠρᾶτο βοὴν ἀγαθὸς Διομήδης·

κλῦθί μευ αἰγιόχοιο Διὸς τέκος Ἀτρυτώνη,

εἴ ποτέ μοι καὶ πατρὶ φίλα φρονέουσα παρέστης

δηΐῳ ἐν πολέμῳ, νῦν αὖτʼ ἐμὲ φῖλαι Ἀθήνη·

δὸς δέ τέ μʼ ἄνδρα ἑλεῖν καὶ ἐς ὁρμὴν ἔγχεος ἐλθεῖν

ὅς μʼ ἔβαλε φθάμενος καὶ ἐπεύχεται, οὐδέ μέ φησι

δηρὸν ἔτʼ ὄψεσθαι λαμπρὸν φάος ἠελίοιο.

Thus he prayed, and Pallas Athena heard him; she made his limbs supple and quickened his hands and his feet. Then she went up close to him and said, "Fear not, Diomedes, to do battle with the Trojans, for I have set in your heart the spirit of your father, the horseman Tydeus. Moreover, I have withdrawn the veil from your eyes, that you know gods and men apart. If, then, any other god comes here and offers you battle, do not fight him; but should Zeus' daughter Aphrodite come, strike her with your spear and wound her."

ὣς ἔφατʼ εὐχόμενος· τοῦ δʼ ἔκλυε Παλλὰς Ἀθήνη,

γυῖα δʼ ἔθηκεν ἐλαφρά, πόδας καὶ χεῖρας ὕπερθεν·

ἀγχοῦ δʼ ἱσταμένη ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα·

θαρσῶν νῦν Διόμηδες ἐπὶ Τρώεσσι μάχεσθαι·

ἐν γάρ τοι στήθεσσι μένος πατρώϊον ἧκα

ἄτρομον, οἷον ἔχεσκε σακέσπαλος ἱππότα Τυδεύς·

ἀχλὺν δʼ αὖ τοι ἀπʼ ὀφθαλμῶν ἕλον ἣ πρὶν ἐπῆεν,

ὄφρʼ εὖ γιγνώσκῃς ἠμὲν θεὸν ἠδὲ καὶ ἄνδρα.

τὼ νῦν αἴ κε θεὸς πειρώμενος ἐνθάδʼ ἵκηται

μή τι σύ γʼ ἀθανάτοισι θεοῖς ἀντικρὺ μάχεσθαι

τοῖς ἄλλοις· ἀτὰρ εἴ κε Διὸς θυγάτηρ Ἀφροδίτη

ἔλθῃσʼ ἐς πόλεμον, τήν γʼ οὐτάμεν ὀξέϊ χαλκῷ.

When she had said this Athena went away, and the son of Tydeus again took his place among the foremost fighters, three times more fierce even than he had been before. He was like a lion that some mountain shepherd has wounded, but not killed, as he is springing over the wall of a sheep-yard to attack the sheep.

ἣ μὲν ἄρʼ ὣς εἰποῦσʼ ἀπέβη γλαυκῶπις Ἀθήνη,

Τυδεΐδης δʼ ἐξαῦτις ἰὼν προμάχοισιν ἐμίχθη

καὶ πρίν περ θυμῷ μεμαὼς Τρώεσσι μάχεσθαι·

δὴ τότε μιν τρὶς τόσσον ἕλεν μένος ὥς τε λέοντα

ὅν ῥά τε ποιμὴν ἀγρῷ ἐπʼ εἰροπόκοις ὀΐεσσι

χραύσῃ μέν τʼ αὐλῆς ὑπεράλμενον οὐδὲ δαμάσσῃ·

The shepherd has roused the brute to fury but cannot defend his flock, so he takes shelter under cover of the buildings, while the sheep, panic-stricken on being deserted, are smothered in heaps one on top of the other, and the angry lion leaps out over the sheep-yard wall. Even thus did Diomedes go furiously about among the Trojans.

τοῦ μέν τε σθένος ὦρσεν, ἔπειτα δέ τʼ οὐ προσαμύνει,

ἀλλὰ κατὰ σταθμοὺς δύεται, τὰ δʼ ἐρῆμα φοβεῖται·

αἳ μέν τʼ ἀγχιστῖναι ἐπʼ ἀλλήλῃσι κέχυνται,

αὐτὰρ ὃ ἐμμεμαὼς βαθέης ἐξάλλεται αὐλῆς·

ὣς μεμαὼς Τρώεσσι μίγη κρατερὸς Διομήδης.

He killed Astynoos, and shepherd of his people, the one with a thrust of his spear, which struck him above the nipple, the other with a sword - cut on the collar-bone, that severed his shoulder from his neck and back. He let both of them lie, and went in pursuit of Abas and Polyidos, sons of the old man who read [ krinô ] dreams, Eurydamas: they never came back for him to read them any more dreams, for mighty Diomedes made an end of them. He then gave chase to Xanthos and Thoon, the two sons of Phainops, both of them very dear to him, for he was now worn out with age, and begat no more sons to inherit his possessions. But Diomedes took both their lives and left their father sorrowing bitterly, for he nevermore saw them come home from battle alive, and his kinsmen divided his wealth among themselves.

ἔνθʼ ἕλεν Ἀστύνοον καὶ Ὑπείρονα ποιμένα λαῶν,

τὸν μὲν ὑπὲρ μαζοῖο βαλὼν χαλκήρεϊ δουρί,

τὸν δʼ ἕτερον ξίφεϊ μεγάλῳ κληῗδα παρʼ ὦμον

πλῆξʼ, ἀπὸ δʼ αὐχένος ὦμον ἐέργαθεν ἠδʼ ἀπὸ νώτου.

τοὺς μὲν ἔασʼ, ὃ δʼ Ἄβαντα μετῴχετο καὶ Πολύειδον

υἱέας Εὐρυδάμαντος ὀνειροπόλοιο γέροντος·

τοῖς οὐκ ἐρχομένοις ὃ γέρων ἐκρίνατʼ ὀνείρους,

ἀλλά σφεας κρατερὸς Διομήδης ἐξενάριξε·

βῆ δὲ μετὰ Ξάνθόν τε Θόωνά τε Φαίνοπος υἷε

ἄμφω τηλυγέτω· ὃ δὲ τείρετο γήραϊ λυγρῷ,

υἱὸν δʼ οὐ τέκετʼ ἄλλον ἐπὶ κτεάτεσσι λιπέσθαι.

ἔνθʼ ὅ γε τοὺς ἐνάριζε, φίλον δʼ ἐξαίνυτο θυμὸν

ἀμφοτέρω, πατέρι δὲ γόον καὶ κήδεα λυγρὰ

λεῖπʼ, ἐπεὶ οὐ ζώοντε μάχης ἐκνοστήσαντε

δέξατο· χηρωσταὶ δὲ διὰ κτῆσιν δατέοντο.

Then he came upon two sons of Priam, Echemmon and Chromios, as they were both in one chariot. He sprang upon them as a lion fastens on the neck of some cow or heifer when the herd is feeding in a coppice. For all their vain struggles he flung them both from their chariot and stripped the armor from their bodies. Then he gave their horses to his comrades to take them back to the ships.

ἔνθʼ υἷας Πριάμοιο δύω λάβε Δαρδανίδαο

εἰν ἑνὶ δίφρῳ ἐόντας Ἐχέμμονά τε Χρομίον τε.

ὡς δὲ λέων ἐν βουσὶ θορὼν ἐξ αὐχένα ἄξῃ

πόρτιος ἠὲ βοὸς ξύλοχον κάτα βοσκομενάων,

ὣς τοὺς ἀμφοτέρους ἐξ ἵππων Τυδέος υἱὸς

βῆσε κακῶς ἀέκοντας, ἔπειτα δὲ τεύχεʼ ἐσύλα·

ἵππους δʼ οἷς ἑτάροισι δίδου μετὰ νῆας ἐλαύνειν.

When Aeneas saw him thus making havoc among the ranks, he went through the fight amid the rain of spears to see if he could find Pandaros. When he had found the brave son of Lykaon he said, "Pandaros, where is now your bow, your winged arrows, and your renown [ kleos ] as an archer, in respect of which no man here can rival you nor is there any in Lycia that can beat you? Lift then your hands to Zeus and send an arrow at this man who is going so masterfully about,

τὸν δʼ ἴδεν Αἰνείας ἀλαπάζοντα στίχας ἀνδρῶν,

βῆ δʼ ἴμεν ἄν τε μάχην καὶ ἀνὰ κλόνον ἐγχειάων

Πάνδαρον ἀντίθεον διζήμενος εἴ που ἐφεύροι·

εὗρε Λυκάονος υἱὸν ἀμύμονά τε κρατερόν τε,

στῆ δὲ πρόσθʼ αὐτοῖο ἔπος τέ μιν ἀντίον ηὔδα·

Πάνδαρε ποῦ τοι τόξον ἰδὲ πτερόεντες ὀϊστοὶ

καὶ κλέος; ᾧ οὔ τίς τοι ἐρίζεται ἐνθάδε γʼ ἀνήρ,

οὐδέ τις ἐν Λυκίῃ σέο γʼ εὔχεται εἶναι ἀμείνων.

ἀλλʼ ἄγε τῷδʼ ἔφες ἀνδρὶ βέλος Διὶ χεῖρας ἀνασχὼν

and has done such deadly work among the Trojans. He has killed many a brave man - unless indeed he is some god who is angry with the Trojans about their sacrifices, and has set his hand against them in his anger [ mênis ]."

ὅς τις ὅδε κρατέει καὶ δὴ κακὰ πολλὰ ἔοργε

Τρῶας, ἐπεὶ πολλῶν τε καὶ ἐσθλῶν γούνατʼ ἔλυσεν·

εἰ μή τις θεός ἐστι κοτεσσάμενος Τρώεσσιν

ἱρῶν μηνίσας· χαλεπὴ δὲ θεοῦ ἔπι μῆνις.

And the son of Lykaon answered, "Aeneas, I take him for none other than the son of Tydeus. I know him by his shield, the visor of his helmet, and by his horses. It is possible that he may be a god, but if he is the man I say he is, he is not making all this havoc without heaven's help, but has some god by his side who is shrouded in a cloud of darkness, and who turned my arrow aside when it had hit him. I have taken aim at him already and hit him on the right shoulder; my arrow went through the breastplate of his cuirass; and I made sure I should send him hurrying to the world below, but it seems that I have not killed him. There must be a god who is angry with me. Moreover I have neither horse nor chariot. In my father's stables there are eleven excellent chariots, fresh from the builder, quite new, with cloths spread over them; and by each of them there stand a pair of horses, champing barley and rye; my old father Lykaon urged me again and again when I was at home and on the point of starting, to take chariots and horses with me that I might lead the Trojans in battle, but I would not listen to him; it would have been much better if I had done so, but I was thinking about the horses, which had been used to eat their fill, and I was afraid that in such a great gathering of men they might be ill-fed, so I left them at home and came on foot to Ilion armed only with my bow and arrows. These it seems, are of no use, for I have already hit two chieftains, the sons of Atreus and of Tydeus, and though I drew blood surely enough, I have only made them still more furious. I did ill to take my bow down from its peg on the day I led my band of Trojans to Ilion as a favor [ kharis ] to Hektor, and if ever

τὸν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπε Λυκάονος ἀγλαὸς υἱός·

Αἰνεία Τρώων βουληφόρε χαλκοχιτώνων

Τυδεΐδῃ μιν ἔγωγε δαΐφρονι πάντα ἐΐσκω,

ἀσπίδι γιγνώσκων αὐλώπιδί τε τρυφαλείῃ,

ἵππους τʼ εἰσορόων· σάφα δʼ οὐκ οἶδʼ εἰ θεός ἐστιν.

εἰ δʼ ὅ γʼ ἀνὴρ ὅν φημι δαΐφρων Τυδέος υἱὸς

οὐχ ὅ γʼ ἄνευθε θεοῦ τάδε μαίνεται, ἀλλά τις ἄγχι

ἕστηκʼ ἀθανάτων νεφέλῃ εἰλυμένος ὤμους,

ὃς τούτου βέλος ὠκὺ κιχήμενον ἔτραπεν ἄλλῃ.

ἤδη γάρ οἱ ἐφῆκα βέλος, καί μιν βάλον ὦμον

δεξιὸν ἀντικρὺ διὰ θώρηκος γυάλοιο·

καί μιν ἔγωγʼ ἐφάμην Ἀϊδωνῆϊ προϊάψειν,

ἔμπης δʼ οὐκ ἐδάμασσα· θεός νύ τίς ἐστι κοτήεις.

ἵπποι δʼ οὐ παρέασι καὶ ἅρματα τῶν κʼ ἐπιβαίην·

ἀλλά που ἐν μεγάροισι Λυκάονος ἕνδεκα δίφροι

καλοὶ πρωτοπαγεῖς νεοτευχέες· ἀμφὶ δὲ πέπλοι

πέπτανται· παρὰ δέ σφιν ἑκάστῳ δίζυγες ἵπποι

ἑστᾶσι κρῖ λευκὸν ἐρεπτόμενοι καὶ ὀλύρας.

ἦ μέν μοι μάλα πολλὰ γέρων αἰχμητὰ Λυκάων

ἐρχομένῳ ἐπέτελλε δόμοις ἔνι ποιητοῖσιν·

ἵπποισίν μʼ ἐκέλευε καὶ ἅρμασιν ἐμβεβαῶτα

ἀρχεύειν Τρώεσσι κατὰ κρατερὰς ὑσμίνας·

ἀλλʼ ἐγὼ οὐ πιθόμην· ἦ τʼ ἂν πολὺ κέρδιον ἦεν·

ἵππων φειδόμενος, μή μοι δευοίατο φορβῆς

ἀνδρῶν εἰλομένων εἰωθότες ἔδμεναι ἄδην.

ὣς λίπον, αὐτὰρ πεζὸς ἐς Ἴλιον εἰλήλουθα

τόξοισιν πίσυνος· τὰ δέ μʼ οὐκ ἄρʼ ἔμελλον ὀνήσειν.

ἤδη γὰρ δοιοῖσιν ἀριστήεσσιν ἐφῆκα

Τυδεΐδῃ τε καὶ Ἀτρεΐδῃ, ἐκ δʼ ἀμφοτέροιιν

ἀτρεκὲς αἷμʼ ἔσσευα βαλών, ἤγειρα δὲ μᾶλλον.

τώ ῥα κακῇ αἴσῃ ἀπὸ πασσάλου ἀγκύλα τόξα

ἤματι τῷ ἑλόμην ὅτε Ἴλιον εἰς ἐρατεινὴν

ἡγεόμην Τρώεσσι φέρων χάριν Ἕκτορι δίῳ.

εἰ δέ κε νοστήσω καὶ ἐσόψομαι ὀφθαλμοῖσι

I get home again to set eyes on my native place, my wife, and the greatness of my house, may some one cut my head off then and there if I do not break the bow and set it on a hot fire - such pranks as it plays me."

πατρίδʼ ἐμὴν ἄλοχόν τε καὶ ὑψερεφὲς μέγα δῶμα,

αὐτίκʼ ἔπειτʼ ἀπʼ ἐμεῖο κάρη τάμοι ἀλλότριος φὼς

εἰ μὴ ἐγὼ τάδε τόξα φαεινῷ ἐν πυρὶ θείην

χερσὶ διακλάσσας· ἀνεμώλια γάρ μοι ὀπηδεῖ.

τὸν δʼ αὖτʼ Αἰνείας Τρώων ἀγὸς ἀντίον ηὔδα·

Aeneas answered, "Say no more. Things will not mend till we two go against this man with chariot and horses and bring him to a trial of arms. Mount my chariot, and note how cleverly the horses of Tros can speed hither and thither over the plain in pursuit or flight. If Zeus again grants glory to the son of Tydeus they will carry us safely back to the city. Take hold, then, of the whip and reins while I stand upon the car to fight, or else do you wait this man's onset while I look after the horses."

μὴ δʼ οὕτως ἀγόρευε· πάρος δʼ οὐκ ἔσσεται ἄλλως,

πρίν γʼ ἐπὶ νὼ τῷδʼ ἀνδρὶ σὺν ἵπποισιν καὶ ὄχεσφιν

ἀντιβίην ἐλθόντε σὺν ἔντεσι πειρηθῆναι.

ἀλλʼ ἄγʼ ἐμῶν ὀχέων ἐπιβήσεο, ὄφρα ἴδηαι

οἷοι Τρώϊοι ἵπποι ἐπιστάμενοι πεδίοιο

κραιπνὰ μάλʼ ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθα διωκέμεν ἠδὲ φέβεσθαι·

τὼ καὶ νῶϊ πόλιν δὲ σαώσετον, εἴ περ ἂν αὖτε

Ζεὺς ἐπὶ Τυδεΐδῃ Διομήδεϊ κῦδος ὀρέξῃ.

ἀλλʼ ἄγε νῦν μάστιγα καὶ ἡνία σιγαλόεντα

δέξαι, ἐγὼ δʼ ἵππων ἀποβήσομαι ὄφρα μάχωμαι·

ἠὲ σὺ τόνδε δέδεξο, μελήσουσιν δʼ ἐμοὶ ἵπποι.

"Aeneas." replied the son of Lykaon, "take the reins and drive; if we have to flee before the son of Tydeus the horses will go better for their own driver. If they miss the sound of your voice when they expect it they may be frightened, and refuse to take us out of the fight. The son of Tydeus will then kill both of us and take the horses. Therefore drive them yourself and I will be ready for him with my spear."

τὸν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπε Λυκάονος ἀγλαὸς υἱός·

Αἰνεία σὺ μὲν αὐτὸς ἔχʼ ἡνία καὶ τεὼ ἵππω·

μᾶλλον ὑφʼ ἡνιόχῳ εἰωθότι καμπύλον ἅρμα

οἴσετον, εἴ περ ἂν αὖτε φεβώμεθα Τυδέος υἱόν·

μὴ τὼ μὲν δείσαντε ματήσετον, οὐδʼ ἐθέλητον

ἐκφερέμεν πολέμοιο τεὸν φθόγγον ποθέοντε,

νῶϊ δʼ ἐπαΐξας μεγαθύμου Τυδέος υἱὸς

αὐτώ τε κτείνῃ καὶ ἐλάσσῃ μώνυχας ἵππους.

ἀλλὰ σύ γʼ αὐτὸς ἔλαυνε τέʼ ἅρματα καὶ τεὼ ἵππω,

τὸν δὲ δʼ ἐγὼν ἐπιόντα δεδέξομαι ὀξέϊ δουρί.

They then mounted the chariot and drove full-speed towards the son of Tydeus. Sthenelos, son of Kapaneus, saw them coming and said to Diomedes, "Diomedes, son of Tydeus, man after my own heart, I see two heroes speeding towards you, both of them men of might the one a skillful archer, Pandaros son of Lykaon, the other, Aeneas, whose sire is Anchises, while his mother is Aphrodite. Mount the chariot and let us retreat. Do not, I pray you, press so furiously forward, or you may get killed."

ὣς ἄρα φωνήσαντες ἐς ἅρματα ποικίλα βάντες

ἐμμεμαῶτʼ ἐπὶ Τυδεΐδῃ ἔχον ὠκέας ἵππους.

τοὺς δὲ ἴδε Σθένελος Καπανήϊος ἀγλαὸς υἱός,

αἶψα δὲ Τυδεΐδην ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα·

Τυδεΐδη Διόμηδες ἐμῷ κεχαρισμένε θυμῷ,

ἄνδρʼ ὁρόω κρατερὼ ἐπὶ σοὶ μεμαῶτε μάχεσθαι

ἶνʼ ἀπέλεθρον ἔχοντας· ὃ μὲν τόξων ἐῢ εἰδὼς

Πάνδαρος, υἱὸς δʼ αὖτε Λυκάονος εὔχεται εἶναι·

Αἰνείας δʼ υἱὸς μὲν ἀμύμονος Ἀγχίσαο

εὔχεται ἐκγεγάμεν, μήτηρ δέ οἵ ἐστʼ Ἀφροδίτη.

ἀλλʼ ἄγε δὴ χαζώμεθʼ ἐφʼ ἵππων, μηδέ μοι οὕτω

θῦνε διὰ προμάχων, μή πως φίλον ἦτορ ὀλέσσῃς.

Diomedes looked angrily at him and answered: "Talk not of flight, for I shall not listen to you: I am of a race that knows neither flight nor fear, and my limbs are as yet unwearied. I am in no mind to mount, but will go against them even as I am; Pallas Athena bids me be afraid of no man, and even though one of them escape, their steeds shall not take both back again. I say further,

τὸν δʼ ἄρʼ ὑπόδρα ἰδὼν προσέφη κρατερὸς Διομήδης·

μή τι φόβον δʼ ἀγόρευʼ, ἐπεὶ οὐδὲ σὲ πεισέμεν οἴω.

οὐ γάρ μοι γενναῖον ἀλυσκάζοντι μάχεσθαι

οὐδὲ καταπτώσσειν· ἔτι μοι μένος ἔμπεδόν ἐστιν·

ὀκνείω δʼ ἵππων ἐπιβαινέμεν, ἀλλὰ καὶ αὔτως

ἀντίον εἶμʼ αὐτῶν· τρεῖν μʼ οὐκ ἐᾷ Παλλὰς Ἀθήνη.

τούτω δʼ οὐ πάλιν αὖτις ἀποίσετον ὠκέες ἵπποι

ἄμφω ἀφʼ ἡμείων, εἴ γʼ οὖν ἕτερός γε φύγῃσιν.

ἄλλο δέ τοι ἐρέω, σὺ δʼ ἐνὶ φρεσὶ βάλλεο σῇσιν·

and lay my saying to your heart - if Athena sees fit to grant me the glory of killing both, stay your horses here and make the reins fast to the rim of the chariot; then be sure you spring Aeneas' horses and drive them from the Trojan to the Achaean ranks. They are of the stock that great Zeus gave to Tros in payment for his son Ganymede, and are the finest that live and move under the sun. King Anchises stole the blood by putting his mares to them without Laomedon's knowledge, and they bore him six foals. Four are still in his stables, but he gave the other two to Aeneas. We shall win great glory [ kleos ] if we can take them."

αἴ κέν μοι πολύβουλος Ἀθήνη κῦδος ὀρέξῃ

ἀμφοτέρω κτεῖναι, σὺ δὲ τούσδε μὲν ὠκέας ἵππους

αὐτοῦ ἐρυκακέειν ἐξ ἄντυγος ἡνία τείνας,

Αἰνείαο δʼ ἐπαΐξαι μεμνημένος ἵππων,

ἐκ δʼ ἐλάσαι Τρώων μετʼ ἐϋκνήμιδας Ἀχαιούς.

τῆς γάρ τοι γενεῆς ἧς Τρωΐ περ εὐρύοπα Ζεὺς

δῶχʼ υἷος ποινὴν Γανυμήδεος, οὕνεκʼ ἄριστοι

ἵππων ὅσσοι ἔασιν ὑπʼ ἠῶ τʼ ἠέλιόν τε,

τῆς γενεῆς ἔκλεψεν ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν Ἀγχίσης

λάθρῃ Λαομέδοντος ὑποσχὼν θήλεας ἵππους·

τῶν οἱ ἓξ ἐγένοντο ἐνὶ μεγάροισι γενέθλη.

τοὺς μὲν τέσσαρας αὐτὸς ἔχων ἀτίταλλʼ ἐπὶ φάτνῃ,

τὼ δὲ δύʼ Αἰνείᾳ δῶκεν μήστωρε φόβοιο.

εἰ τούτω κε λάβοιμεν, ἀροίμεθά κε κλέος ἐσθλόν.

Thus did they converse, but the other two had now driven close up to them, and the son of Lykaon spoke first. "Great and mighty son," said he, "of noble Tydeus, my arrow failed to lay you low, so I will now try with my spear."

ὣς οἳ μὲν τοιαῦτα πρὸς ἀλλήλους ἀγόρευον,

τὼ δὲ τάχʼ ἐγγύθεν ἦλθον ἐλαύνοντʼ ὠκέας ἵππους.

τὸν πρότερος προσέειπε Λυκάονος ἀγλαὸς υἱός·

καρτερόθυμε δαΐφρον ἀγαυοῦ Τυδέος υἱὲ

ἦ μάλα σʼ οὐ βέλος ὠκὺ δαμάσσατο πικρὸς ὀϊστός·

νῦν αὖτʼ ἐγχείῃ πειρήσομαι αἴ κε τύχωμι.

He poised his spear as he spoke and hurled it from him. It struck the shield of the son of Tydeus; the bronze point pierced it and passed on till it reached the breastplate. Thereon the son of Lykaon shouted out and said, "You are hit clean through the belly; you will not stand out for long, and the glory of the fight is mine."

ἦ ῥα καὶ ἀμπεπαλὼν προΐει δολιχόσκιον ἔγχος

καὶ βάλε Τυδεΐδαο κατʼ ἀσπίδα· τῆς δὲ διὰ πρὸ

αἰχμὴ χαλκείη πταμένη θώρηκι πελάσθη·

τῷ δʼ ἐπὶ μακρὸν ἄϋσε Λυκάονος ἀγλαὸς υἱός·

βέβληαι κενεῶνα διαμπερές, οὐδέ σʼ ὀΐω

δηρὸν ἔτʼ ἀνσχήσεσθαι· ἐμοὶ δὲ μέγʼ εὖχος ἔδωκας.

But Diomedes all undismayed made answer, "You have missed, not hit, and before you two see the end of this matter one or other of you shall glut tough-shielded Ares with his blood."

τὸν δʼ οὐ ταρβήσας προσέφη κρατερὸς Διομήδης·

ἤμβροτες οὐδʼ ἔτυχες· ἀτὰρ οὐ μὲν σφῶΐ γʼ ὀΐω

πρίν γʼ ἀποπαύσεσθαι πρίν γʼ ἢ ἕτερόν γε πεσόντα

αἵματος ἆσαι Ἄρηα, ταλαύρινον πολεμιστήν.

With this he hurled his spear, and Athena guided it on to Pandaros' nose near the eye. It went crashing in among his white teeth; the bronze point cut through the root of his to tongue, coming out under his chin, and his glistening armor rang rattling round him as he fell heavily to the ground. The horses started aside for fear, and he was reft of life [ psukhê ] and strength [ menos ].

ὣς φάμενος προέηκε· βέλος δʼ ἴθυνεν Ἀθήνη

ῥῖνα παρʼ ὀφθαλμόν, λευκοὺς δʼ ἐπέρησεν ὀδόντας.

τοῦ δʼ ἀπὸ μὲν γλῶσσαν πρυμνὴν τάμε χαλκὸς ἀτειρής,

αἰχμὴ δʼ ἐξελύθη παρὰ νείατον ἀνθερεῶνα·

ἤριπε δʼ ἐξ ὀχέων, ἀράβησε δὲ τεύχεʼ ἐπʼ αὐτῷ

αἰόλα παμφανόωντα, παρέτρεσσαν δέ οἱ ἵπποι

ὠκύποδες· τοῦ δʼ αὖθι λύθη ψυχή τε μένος τε.

Aeneas sprang from his chariot armed with shield and spear, fearing lest the Achaeans should carry off the body. He bestrode it as a lion in the pride of strength, with shield and on spear before him and a cry of battle on his lips resolute to kill the first that should dare face him. But the son of Tydeus caught up a mighty stone, so huge and great that as men now are it would take two to lift it; nevertheless he bore it aloft with ease unaided, and with this he struck Aeneas on the groin where the hip turns in the joint that is called the "cup-bone." The stone crushed this joint, and broke both the sinews, while its jagged edges tore away all the flesh. The hero fell on his knees, and propped himself with his hand resting on the ground till the darkness of night fell upon his eyes. And now Aeneas, king of men, would have perished then and there, had not his mother, Zeus' daughter Aphrodite, who had conceived him by Anchises when he was herding cattle, been quick to mark, and thrown her two white arms about the body of her dear son. She protected him by covering him with a fold of her own fair garment, lest some Danaan should drive a spear into his breast and kill him.

Αἰνείας δʼ ἀπόρουσε σὺν ἀσπίδι δουρί τε μακρῷ

δείσας μή πώς οἱ ἐρυσαίατο νεκρὸν Ἀχαιοί.

ἀμφὶ δʼ ἄρʼ αὐτῷ βαῖνε λέων ὣς ἀλκὶ πεποιθώς,

πρόσθε δέ οἱ δόρυ τʼ ἔσχε καὶ ἀσπίδα πάντοσʼ ἐΐσην,

τὸν κτάμεναι μεμαὼς ὅς τις τοῦ γʼ ἀντίος ἔλθοι

σμερδαλέα ἰάχων· ὃ δὲ χερμάδιον λάβε χειρὶ

Τυδεΐδης μέγα ἔργον ὃ οὐ δύο γʼ ἄνδρε φέροιεν,

οἷοι νῦν βροτοί εἰσʼ· ὃ δέ μιν ῥέα πάλλε καὶ οἶος.

τῷ βάλεν Αἰνείαο κατʼ ἰσχίον ἔνθά τε μηρὸς

ἰσχίῳ ἐνστρέφεται, κοτύλην δέ τέ μιν καλέουσι·

θλάσσε δέ οἱ κοτύλην, πρὸς δʼ ἄμφω ῥῆξε τένοντε·

ὦσε δʼ ἀπὸ ῥινὸν τρηχὺς λίθος· αὐτὰρ ὅ γʼ ἥρως

ἔστη γνὺξ ἐριπὼν καὶ ἐρείσατο χειρὶ παχείῃ

γαίης· ἀμφὶ δὲ ὄσσε κελαινὴ νὺξ ἐκάλυψε.

καί νύ κεν ἔνθʼ ἀπόλοιτο ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν Αἰνείας,

εἰ μὴ ἄρʼ ὀξὺ νόησε Διὸς θυγάτηρ Ἀφροδίτη

μήτηρ, ἥ μιν ὑπʼ Ἀγχίσῃ τέκε βουκολέοντι·

ἀμφὶ δʼ ἑὸν φίλον υἱὸν ἐχεύατο πήχεε λευκώ,

πρόσθε δέ οἱ πέπλοιο φαεινοῦ πτύγμα κάλυψεν

ἕρκος ἔμεν βελέων, μή τις Δαναῶν ταχυπώλων

χαλκὸν ἐνὶ στήθεσσι βαλὼν ἐκ θυμὸν ἕλοιτο.

Thus, then, did she bear her dear son out of the fight. But the son of Kapaneus was not unmindful of the orders that Diomedes had given him. He made his own horses fast, away from the struggle, by binding the reins to the rim of the chariot. Then he sprang upon Aeneas' horses and drove them from the Trojan to the Achaean ranks. When he had so done he gave them over to his chosen comrade Deipylos, whom he valued above all others as the one who was most like-minded with himself, to take them on to the ships. He then remounted his own chariot, seized the reins, and drove with all speed in search of the son of Tydeus.

ἣ μὲν ἑὸν φίλον υἱὸν ὑπεξέφερεν πολέμοιο·

οὐδʼ υἱὸς Καπανῆος ἐλήθετο συνθεσιάων

τάων ἃς ἐπέτελλε βοὴν ἀγαθὸς Διομήδης,

ἀλλʼ ὅ γε τοὺς μὲν ἑοὺς ἠρύκακε μώνυχας ἵππους

νόσφιν ἀπὸ φλοίσβου ἐξ ἄντυγος ἡνία τείνας,

Αἰνείαο δʼ ἐπαΐξας καλλίτριχας ἵππους

ἐξέλασε Τρώων μετʼ ἐϋκνήμιδας Ἀχαιούς.

δῶκε δὲ Δηϊπύλῳ ἑτάρῳ φίλῳ, ὃν περὶ πάσης

τῖεν ὁμηλικίης ὅτι οἱ φρεσὶν ἄρτια ᾔδη,

νηυσὶν ἔπι γλαφυρῇσιν ἐλαυνέμεν· αὐτὰρ ὅ γʼ ἥρως

ὧν ἵππων ἐπιβὰς ἔλαβʼ ἡνία σιγαλόεντα,

αἶψα δὲ Τυδεΐδην μέθεπε κρατερώνυχας ἵππους

Now the son of Tydeus was in pursuit of the Cyprian goddess, spear in hand, for he knew her to be feeble and not one of those goddesses that can lord it among men in battle like Athena or Enyo the waster of cities, and when at last after a long chase he caught her up,

ἐμμεμαώς· ὃ δὲ Κύπριν ἐπῴχετο νηλέϊ χαλκῷ

γιγνώσκων ὅ τʼ ἄναλκις ἔην θεός, οὐδὲ θεάων

τάων αἵ τʼ ἀνδρῶν πόλεμον κάτα κοιρανέουσιν,

οὔτʼ ἄρʼ Ἀθηναίη οὔτε πτολίπορθος Ἐνυώ.

ἀλλʼ ὅτε δή ῥʼ ἐκίχανε πολὺν καθʼ ὅμιλον ὀπάζων,

he flew at her and thrust his spear into the flesh of her delicate hand. The point tore through the ambrosial robe which the Graces [ kharites ] had woven for her, and pierced the skin between her wrist and the palm of her hand, so that the immortal blood, or ichor, that flows in the veins of the blessed gods, came pouring from the wound; for the gods do not eat bread nor drink wine, hence they have no blood such as ours, and are immortal. Aphrodite screamed aloud, and let her son fall, but Phoebus Apollo caught him in his arms, and hid him in a cloud of darkness, lest some Danaan should drive a spear into his breast and kill him; and Diomedes shouted out as he left her, "Daughter of Zeus, leave war and battle alone, can you not be contented with beguiling silly women? If you meddle with fighting you will get what will make you shudder at the very name of war."

ἔνθʼ ἐπορεξάμενος μεγαθύμου Τυδέος υἱὸς

ἄκρην οὔτασε χεῖρα μετάλμενος ὀξέϊ δουρὶ

ἀβληχρήν· εἶθαρ δὲ δόρυ χροὸς ἀντετόρησεν

ἀμβροσίου διὰ πέπλου, ὅν οἱ Χάριτες κάμον αὐταί,

πρυμνὸν ὕπερ θέναρος· ῥέε δʼ ἄμβροτον αἷμα θεοῖο

ἰχώρ, οἷός πέρ τε ῥέει μακάρεσσι θεοῖσιν·

οὐ γὰρ σῖτον ἔδουσʼ, οὐ πίνουσʼ αἴθοπα οἶνον,

τοὔνεκʼ ἀναίμονές εἰσι καὶ ἀθάνατοι καλέονται.

ἣ δὲ μέγα ἰάχουσα ἀπὸ ἕο κάββαλεν υἱόν·

καὶ τὸν μὲν μετὰ χερσὶν ἐρύσατο Φοῖβος Ἀπόλλων

κυανέῃ νεφέλῃ, μή τις Δαναῶν ταχυπώλων

χαλκὸν ἐνὶ στήθεσσι βαλὼν ἐκ θυμὸν ἕλοιτο·

τῇ δʼ ἐπὶ μακρὸν ἄϋσε βοὴν ἀγαθὸς Διομήδης·

εἶκε Διὸς θύγατερ πολέμου καὶ δηϊοτῆτος·

ἦ οὐχ ἅλις ὅττι γυναῖκας ἀνάλκιδας ἠπεροπεύεις;

εἰ δὲ σύ γʼ ἐς πόλεμον πωλήσεαι, ἦ τέ σʼ ὀΐω

ῥιγήσειν πόλεμόν γε καὶ εἴ χʼ ἑτέρωθι πύθηαι.

The goddess went dazed and discomfited away, and Iris, fleet as the wind, drew her from the throng, in pain and with her fair skin all besmirched. She found fierce Ares waiting on the left of the battle, with his spear and his two fleet steeds resting on a cloud; whereon she fell on her knees before her brother and implored him to let her have his horses. "Dear brother," she cried, "save me, and give me your horses to take me to Olympus where the gods dwell. I am badly wounded by a mortal, the son of Tydeus, who would now fight even with father Zeus."

ὣς ἔφαθʼ, ἣ δʼ ἀλύουσʼ ἀπεβήσετο, τείρετο δʼ αἰνῶς·

τὴν μὲν ἄρʼ Ἶρις ἑλοῦσα ποδήνεμος ἔξαγʼ ὁμίλου

ἀχθομένην ὀδύνῃσι, μελαίνετο δὲ χρόα καλόν.

εὗρεν ἔπειτα μάχης ἐπʼ ἀριστερὰ θοῦρον Ἄρηα

ἥμενον· ἠέρι δʼ ἔγχος ἐκέκλιτο καὶ ταχέʼ ἵππω·

ἣ δὲ γνὺξ ἐριποῦσα κασιγνήτοιο φίλοιο

πολλὰ λισσομένη χρυσάμπυκας ᾔτεεν ἵππους·

φίλε κασίγνητε κόμισαί τέ με δός τέ μοι ἵππους,

ὄφρʼ ἐς Ὄλυμπον ἵκωμαι ἵνʼ ἀθανάτων ἕδος ἐστί.

λίην ἄχθομαι ἕλκος ὅ με βροτὸς οὔτασεν ἀνὴρ

Τυδεΐδης, ὃς νῦν γε καὶ ἂν Διὶ πατρὶ μάχοιτο.

Thus she spoke, and Ares gave her his gold-bedizened steeds. She mounted the chariot sick and sorry at heart, while Iris sat beside her and took the reins in her hand. She lashed her horses on and they flew forward nothing loath, till in a trice they were at high Olympus , where the gods have their dwelling. There she stayed them, unloosed them from the chariot, and gave them their ambrosial forage; but Aphrodite flung herself on to the lap of her mother Dione, who threw her arms about her and caressed her, saying, "Which of the heavenly beings has been treating you in this way, as though you had been doing something wrong in the face of day?"

ὣς φάτο, τῇ δʼ ἄρʼ Ἄρης δῶκε χρυσάμπυκας ἵππους·

ἣ δʼ ἐς δίφρον ἔβαινεν ἀκηχεμένη φίλον ἦτορ,

πὰρ δέ οἱ Ἶρις ἔβαινε καὶ ἡνία λάζετο χερσί,

μάστιξεν δʼ ἐλάαν, τὼ δʼ οὐκ ἀέκοντε πετέσθην.

αἶψα δʼ ἔπειθʼ ἵκοντο θεῶν ἕδος αἰπὺν Ὄλυμπον·

ἔνθʼ ἵππους ἔστησε ποδήνεμος ὠκέα Ἶρις

λύσασʼ ἐξ ὀχέων, παρὰ δʼ ἀμβρόσιον βάλεν εἶδαρ·

ἣ δʼ ἐν γούνασι πῖπτε Διώνης δῖʼ Ἀφροδίτη

μητρὸς ἑῆς· ἣ δʼ ἀγκὰς ἐλάζετο θυγατέρα ἥν,

χειρί τέ μιν κατέρεξεν ἔπος τʼ ἔφατʼ ἐκ τʼ ὀνόμαζε·

τίς νύ σε τοιάδʼ ἔρεξε φίλον τέκος Οὐρανιώνων

μαψιδίως, ὡς εἴ τι κακὸν ῥέζουσαν ἐνωπῇ;

And laughter-loving Aphrodite answered, "Proud Diomedes, the son of Tydeus, wounded me because I was bearing my dear son Aeneas, whom I love best of all humankind, out of the fight. The war is no longer one between Trojans and Achaeans, for the Danaans have now taken to fighting with the immortals."

τὴν δʼ ἠμείβετʼ ἔπειτα φιλομμειδὴς Ἀφροδίτη·

οὖτά με Τυδέος υἱὸς ὑπέρθυμος Διομήδης,

οὕνεκʼ ἐγὼ φίλον υἱὸν ὑπεξέφερον πολέμοιο

Αἰνείαν, ὃς ἐμοὶ πάντων πολὺ φίλτατός ἐστιν.

οὐ γὰρ ἔτι Τρώων καὶ Ἀχαιῶν φύλοπις αἰνή,

ἀλλʼ ἤδη Δαναοί γε καὶ ἀθανάτοισι μάχονται.

"Bear it, my child," replied Dione, "and make the best of it. We dwellers in Olympus have to put up with much at the hands of men, and we lay much suffering on one another. Ares had to suffer when Otos and Ephialtes, children of Aloeus, bound him in cruel bonds, so that he lay thirteen months imprisoned in a vessel of bronze. Ares would have then perished had not fair Eeriboia, stepmother to the sons of Aloeus, told Hermes, who stole him away when he was already well-nigh worn out by the severity of his bondage. Hera, again, suffered when the mighty son of Amphitryon wounded her on the right breast with a three-barbed arrow, and nothing could assuage her pain. So, also, did huge Hades, when this same man, the son of aegis-bearing Zeus, hit him with an arrow even at the gates of Hades, and hurt him badly. Thereon Hades went to the house of Zeus on great Olympus , angry and full of pain [ akhos ]; and the arrow in his brawny shoulder caused him great anguish till Paieon healed him by spreading soothing herbs on the wound, for Hades was not of mortal mold. Daring, head-strong, evildoer who recked not of his evil deed in shooting the gods that dwell in Olympus . And now Athena has egged this son of Tydeus on against yourself, fool that he is for not reflecting that no man who fights with gods will live long or hear his children prattling about his knees when he returns from battle. Let, then, the son of Tydeus see that he does not have to fight with one who is stronger than you are.

τὴν δʼ ἠμείβετʼ ἔπειτα Διώνη, δῖα θεάων·

τέτλαθι τέκνον ἐμόν, καὶ ἀνάσχεο κηδομένη περ·

πολλοὶ γὰρ δὴ τλῆμεν Ὀλύμπια δώματʼ ἔχοντες

ἐξ ἀνδρῶν χαλέπʼ ἄλγεʼ ἐπʼ ἀλλήλοισι τιθέντες.

τλῆ μὲν Ἄρης ὅτε μιν Ὦτος κρατερός τʼ Ἐφιάλτης

παῖδες Ἀλωῆος, δῆσαν κρατερῷ ἐνὶ δεσμῷ·

χαλκέῳ δʼ ἐν κεράμῳ δέδετο τρισκαίδεκα μῆνας·

καί νύ κεν ἔνθʼ ἀπόλοιτο Ἄρης ἆτος πολέμοιο,

εἰ μὴ μητρυιὴ περικαλλὴς Ἠερίβοια

Ἑρμέᾳ ἐξήγγειλεν· ὃ δʼ ἐξέκλεψεν Ἄρηα

ἤδη τειρόμενον, χαλεπὸς δέ ἑ δεσμὸς ἐδάμνα.

τλῆ δʼ Ἥρη, ὅτε μιν κρατερὸς πάϊς Ἀμφιτρύωνος

δεξιτερὸν κατὰ μαζὸν ὀϊστῷ τριγλώχινι

βεβλήκει· τότε καί μιν ἀνήκεστον λάβεν ἄλγος.

τλῆ δʼ Ἀΐδης ἐν τοῖσι πελώριος ὠκὺν ὀϊστόν,

εὖτέ μιν ωὐτὸς ἀνὴρ υἱὸς Διὸς αἰγιόχοιο

ἐν Πύλῳ ἐν νεκύεσσι βαλὼν ὀδύνῃσιν ἔδωκεν·

αὐτὰρ ὃ βῆ πρὸς δῶμα Διὸς καὶ μακρὸν Ὄλυμπον

κῆρ ἀχέων ὀδύνῃσι πεπαρμένος· αὐτὰρ ὀϊστὸς

ὤμῳ ἔνι στιβαρῷ ἠλήλατο, κῆδε δὲ θυμόν.

τῷ δʼ ἐπὶ Παιήων ὀδυνήφατα φάρμακα πάσσων

ἠκέσατʼ· οὐ μὲν γάρ τι καταθνητός γε τέτυκτο.

σχέτλιος ὀβριμοεργὸς ὃς οὐκ ὄθετʼ αἴσυλα ῥέζων,

ὃς τόξοισιν ἔκηδε θεοὺς οἳ Ὄλυμπον ἔχουσι.

σοὶ δʼ ἐπὶ τοῦτον ἀνῆκε θεὰ γλαυκῶπις Ἀθήνη·

νήπιος, οὐδὲ τὸ οἶδε κατὰ φρένα Τυδέος υἱὸς

ὅττι μάλʼ οὐ δηναιὸς ὃς ἀθανάτοισι μάχηται,

οὐδέ τί μιν παῖδες ποτὶ γούνασι παππάζουσιν

ἐλθόντʼ ἐκ πολέμοιο καὶ αἰνῆς δηϊοτῆτος.

τὼ νῦν Τυδεΐδης, εἰ καὶ μάλα καρτερός ἐστι,

φραζέσθω μή τίς οἱ ἀμείνων σεῖο μάχηται,

Then shall his brave wife Aigialeia, daughter of Adrastos, rouse her whole house from sleep, wailing for the loss of her wedded lord, Diomedes the bravest of the Achaeans."

μὴ δὴν Αἰγιάλεια περίφρων Ἀδρηστίνη

ἐξ ὕπνου γοόωσα φίλους οἰκῆας ἐγείρῃ

κουρίδιον ποθέουσα πόσιν τὸν ἄριστον Ἀχαιῶν

ἰφθίμη ἄλοχος Διομήδεος ἱπποδάμοιο.

So saying, she wiped the ichor from the wrist of her daughter with both hands, whereon the pain left her, and her hand was healed. But Athena and Hera, who were looking on, began to taunt Zeus with their mocking talk, and Athena was first to speak. "Father Zeus," said she, "do not be angry with me, but I think the Cyprian must have been persuading some one of the Achaean women to go with the Trojans of whom she is so very fond, and while caressing one or other of them she must have torn her delicate hand with the gold pin of the woman's brooch."

ἦ ῥα καὶ ἀμφοτέρῃσιν ἀπʼ ἰχῶ χειρὸς ὀμόργνυ·

ἄλθετο χείρ, ὀδύναι δὲ κατηπιόωντο βαρεῖαι.

αἳ δʼ αὖτʼ εἰσορόωσαι Ἀθηναίη τε καὶ Ἥρη

κερτομίοις ἐπέεσσι Δία Κρονίδην ἐρέθιζον.

τοῖσι δὲ μύθων ἦρχε θεὰ γλαυκῶπις Ἀθήνη·

Ζεῦ πάτερ ἦ ῥά τί μοι κεχολώσεαι ὅττι κεν εἴπω;

ἦ μάλα δή τινα Κύπρις Ἀχαιϊάδων ἀνιεῖσα

Τρωσὶν ἅμα σπέσθαι, τοὺς νῦν ἔκπαγλα φίλησε,

τῶν τινα καρρέζουσα Ἀχαιϊάδων ἐϋπέπλων

πρὸς χρυσῇ περόνῃ καταμύξατο χεῖρα ἀραιήν.

The sire of gods and men smiled, and called golden Aphrodite to his side. "My child," said he, "it has not been given you to be a warrior. Attend, henceforth, to your own delightful matrimonial duties, and leave all this fighting to Ares and to Athena."

ὣς φάτο, μείδησεν δὲ πατὴρ ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε,

καί ῥα καλεσσάμενος προσέφη χρυσῆν Ἀφροδίτην·

οὔ τοι τέκνον ἐμὸν δέδοται πολεμήϊα ἔργα,

ἀλλὰ σύ γʼ ἱμερόεντα μετέρχεο ἔργα γάμοιο,

ταῦτα δʼ Ἄρηϊ θοῷ καὶ Ἀθήνῃ πάντα μελήσει.

Thus did they converse. But Diomedes sprang upon Aeneas, though he knew him to be in the very arms of Apollo. Not one whit did he fear the mighty god, so set was he on killing Aeneas and stripping him of his armor. Thrice did he spring forward with might and main to slay him, and thrice did Apollo beat back his gleaming shield. When he was coming on for the fourth time, equal to a daimôn , Apollo shouted to him with an awful voice and said, "Take heed, son of Tydeus, and draw off; think not to match yourself against gods, for men that walk the earth cannot hold their own with the immortals."

ὣς οἳ μὲν τοιαῦτα πρὸς ἀλλήλους ἀγόρευον,

Αἰνείᾳ δʼ ἐπόρουσε βοὴν ἀγαθὸς Διομήδης,

γιγνώσκων ὅ οἱ αὐτὸς ὑπείρεχε χεῖρας Ἀπόλλων·

ἀλλʼ ὅ γʼ ἄρʼ οὐδὲ θεὸν μέγαν ἅζετο, ἵετο δʼ αἰεὶ

Αἰνείαν κτεῖναι καὶ ἀπὸ κλυτὰ τεύχεα δῦσαι.

τρὶς μὲν ἔπειτʼ ἐπόρουσε κατακτάμεναι μενεαίνων,

τρὶς δέ οἱ ἐστυφέλιξε φαεινὴν ἀσπίδʼ Ἀπόλλων·

ἀλλʼ ὅτε δὴ τὸ τέταρτον ἐπέσσυτο δαίμονι ἶσος,

δεινὰ δʼ ὁμοκλήσας προσέφη ἑκάεργος Ἀπόλλων·

φράζεο Τυδεΐδη καὶ χάζεο, μηδὲ θεοῖσιν

ἶσʼ ἔθελε φρονέειν, ἐπεὶ οὔ ποτε φῦλον ὁμοῖον

ἀθανάτων τε θεῶν χαμαὶ ἐρχομένων τʼ ἀνθρώπων.

The son of Tydeus then gave way for a little space, to avoid the anger [ mênis ] of the god, while Apollo took Aeneas out of the crowd and set him in sacred Pergamos , where his temple stood. There, within the mighty sanctuary, Leto and Artemis healed him and made him glorious to behold, while Apollo of the silver bow fashioned a wraith in the likeness of Aeneas, and armed as he was. Round this the Trojans and Achaeans hacked at the bucklers about one another's breasts, hewing each other's round shields and light hide-covered targets. Then Phoebus Apollo said to Ares, "Ares, Ares, bane of men, blood-stained stormer of cities, can you not go to this man, the son of Tydeus, who would now fight even with father Zeus, and draw him out of the battle? He first went up to the Cyprian and wounded her in the hand near her wrist, and afterwards sprang upon me too, equal to a daimôn ."

ὣς φάτο, Τυδεΐδης δʼ ἀνεχάζετο τυτθὸν ὀπίσσω

μῆνιν ἀλευάμενος ἑκατηβόλου Ἀπόλλωνος.

Αἰνείαν δʼ ἀπάτερθεν ὁμίλου θῆκεν Ἀπόλλων

Περγάμῳ εἰν ἱερῇ, ὅθι οἱ νηός γε τέτυκτο.

ἤτοι τὸν Λητώ τε καὶ Ἄρτεμις ἰοχέαιρα

ἐν μεγάλῳ ἀδύτῳ ἀκέοντό τε κύδαινόν τε·

αὐτὰρ ὃ εἴδωλον τεῦξʼ ἀργυρότοξος Ἀπόλλων

αὐτῷ τʼ Αἰνείᾳ ἴκελον καὶ τεύχεσι τοῖον,

ἀμφὶ δʼ ἄρʼ εἰδώλῳ Τρῶες καὶ δῖοι Ἀχαιοὶ

δῄουν ἀλλήλων ἀμφὶ στήθεσσι βοείας

ἀσπίδας εὐκύκλους λαισήϊά τε πτερόεντα.

δὴ τότε θοῦρον Ἄρηα προσηύδα Φοῖβος Ἀπόλλων·

Ἆρες Ἄρες βροτολοιγὲ μιαιφόνε τειχεσιπλῆτα,

οὐκ ἂν δὴ τόνδʼ ἄνδρα μάχης ἐρύσαιο μετελθὼν

Τυδεΐδην, ὃς νῦν γε καὶ ἂν Διὶ πατρὶ μάχοιτο;

Κύπριδα μὲν πρῶτα σχεδὸν οὔτασε χεῖρʼ ἐπὶ καρπῷ,

αὐτὰρ ἔπειτʼ αὐτῷ μοι ἐπέσσυτο δαίμονι ἶσος.

He then took his seat on the top of Pergamos , while murderous Ares went about among the ranks of the Trojans, cheering them on, in the likeness of fleet Akamas chief of the Thracians. "Sons of Priam," said he, "how long will you let your people be thus slaughtered by the Achaeans? Would you wait till they are at the walls of Troy ? Aeneas the son of Anchises has fallen, he whom we held in as high honor as Hektor himself. Help me, then, to rescue our brave comrade from the stress of the fight."

ὣς εἰπὼν αὐτὸς μὲν ἐφέζετο Περγάμῳ ἄκρῃ,

Τρῳὰς δὲ στίχας οὖλος Ἄρης ὄτρυνε μετελθὼν

εἰδόμενος Ἀκάμαντι θοῷ ἡγήτορι Θρῃκῶν·

υἱάσι δὲ Πριάμοιο διοτρεφέεσσι κέλευεν·

ὦ υἱεῖς Πριάμοιο διοτρεφέος βασιλῆος

ἐς τί ἔτι κτείνεσθαι ἐάσετε λαὸν Ἀχαιοῖς;

ἦ εἰς ὅ κεν ἀμφὶ πύλῃς εὖ ποιητῇσι μάχωνται;

κεῖται ἀνὴρ ὃν ἶσον ἐτίομεν Ἕκτορι δίῳ

Αἰνείας υἱὸς μεγαλήτορος Ἀγχίσαο·

ἀλλʼ ἄγετʼ ἐκ φλοίσβοιο σαώσομεν ἐσθλὸν ἑταῖρον.

With these words he put heart and soul into them all. Then Sarpedon rebuked Hektor very sternly. "Hektor," said he, "where is your prowess now? You used to say that though you had neither people nor allies you could hold the town alone with your brothers and brothers-in-law. I see not one of them here; they cower as hounds before a lion; it is we, your allies, who bear the brunt of the battle. I have come from afar, even from Lycia and the banks of the river Xanthos , where I have left my wife, my infant son, and much wealth to tempt whoever is needy; nevertheless, I head my Lycian warriors and stand my ground against any who would fight me though I have nothing here for the Achaeans to plunder, while you look on, without even bidding your men stand firm in defense of their wives. See that you fall not into the hands of your foes as men caught in the meshes of a net, and they sack your fair city forthwith. Keep this before your mind night and day, and beseech the leaders of your allies to hold on without flinching, and thus put away their reproaches from you."

ὣς εἰπὼν ὄτρυνε μένος καὶ θυμὸν ἑκάστου.

ἔνθʼ αὖ Σαρπηδὼν μάλα νείκεσεν Ἕκτορα δῖον·

Ἕκτορ πῇ δή τοι μένος οἴχεται ὃ πρὶν ἔχεσκες;

φῆς που ἄτερ λαῶν πόλιν ἑξέμεν ἠδʼ ἐπικούρων

οἶος σὺν γαμβροῖσι κασιγνήτοισί τε σοῖσι.

τῶν νῦν οὔ τινʼ ἐγὼ ἰδέειν δύναμʼ οὐδὲ νοῆσαι,

ἀλλὰ καταπτώσσουσι κύνες ὣς ἀμφὶ λέοντα·

ἡμεῖς δὲ μαχόμεσθʼ οἵ πέρ τʼ ἐπίκουροι ἔνειμεν.

καὶ γὰρ ἐγὼν ἐπίκουρος ἐὼν μάλα τηλόθεν ἥκω·

τηλοῦ γὰρ Λυκίη Ξάνθῳ ἔπι δινήεντι,

ἔνθʼ ἄλοχόν τε φίλην ἔλιπον καὶ νήπιον υἱόν,

κὰδ δὲ κτήματα πολλά, τὰ ἔλδεται ὅς κʼ ἐπιδευής.

ἀλλὰ καὶ ὧς Λυκίους ὀτρύνω καὶ μέμονʼ αὐτὸς

ἀνδρὶ μαχήσασθαι· ἀτὰρ οὔ τί μοι ἐνθάδε τοῖον

οἷόν κʼ ἠὲ φέροιεν Ἀχαιοὶ ἤ κεν ἄγοιεν·

τύνη δʼ ἕστηκας, ἀτὰρ οὐδʼ ἄλλοισι κελεύεις

λαοῖσιν μενέμεν καὶ ἀμυνέμεναι ὤρεσσι.

μή πως ὡς ἀψῖσι λίνου ἁλόντε πανάγρου

ἀνδράσι δυσμενέεσσιν ἕλωρ καὶ κύρμα γένησθε·

οἳ δὲ τάχʼ ἐκπέρσουσʼ εὖ ναιομένην πόλιν ὑμήν.

σοὶ δὲ χρὴ τάδε πάντα μέλειν νύκτάς τε καὶ ἦμαρ

ἀρχοὺς λισσομένῳ τηλεκλειτῶν ἐπικούρων

νωλεμέως ἐχέμεν, κρατερὴν δʼ ἀποθέσθαι ἐνιπήν.

So spoke Sarpedon, and Hektor smarted under his words. He sprang from his chariot clad in his suit of armor, and went about among the host brandishing his two spears, exhorting the men to fight and raising the terrible cry of battle. Then they rallied and again faced the Achaeans, but the Argives stood compact and firm, and were not driven back. As the breezes sport with the chaff upon some goodly threshing-floor, when men are winnowing - while yellow Demeter blows with the wind to sift [ krinô ] the chaff from the grain, and the chaff- heaps grow whiter and whiter - even so did the Achaeans whiten in the dust which the horses' hoofs raised to the firmament of heaven, as their drivers turned them back to battle, and they bore down with might upon the foe. Fierce Ares, to help the Trojans, covered them in a veil of darkness, and went about everywhere among them, inasmuch as Phoebus Apollo had told him that when he saw Pallas, Athena leave the fray he was to put courage into the hearts of the Trojans - for it was she who was helping the Danaans. Then Apollo sent Aeneas forth from his rich sanctuary, and filled his heart with valor, whereon he took his place among his comrades, who were overjoyed at seeing him alive, sound, and of a good courage; but they could not ask him how it had all happened, for they had too much pain [ ponos ] with the turmoil raised by Ares and by Strife, who raged insatiably in their midst.

ὣς φάτο Σαρπηδών, δάκε δὲ φρένας Ἕκτορι μῦθος·

αὐτίκα δʼ ἐξ ὀχέων σὺν τεύχεσιν ἆλτο χαμᾶζε,

πάλλων δʼ ὀξέα δοῦρα κατὰ στρατὸν ᾤχετο πάντῃ

ὀτρύνων μαχέσασθαι, ἔγειρε δὲ φύλοπιν αἰνήν.

οἳ δʼ ἐλελίχθησαν καὶ ἐναντίοι ἔσταν Ἀχαιῶν·

Ἀργεῖοι δʼ ὑπέμειναν ἀολλέες οὐδὲ φόβηθεν.

ὡς δʼ ἄνεμος ἄχνας φορέει ἱερὰς κατʼ ἀλωὰς

ἀνδρῶν λικμώντων, ὅτε τε ξανθὴ Δημήτηρ

κρίνῃ ἐπειγομένων ἀνέμων καρπόν τε καὶ ἄχνας,

αἳ δʼ ὑπολευκαίνονται ἀχυρμιαί· ὣς τότʼ Ἀχαιοὶ

λευκοὶ ὕπερθε γένοντο κονισάλῳ, ὅν ῥα διʼ αὐτῶν

οὐρανὸν ἐς πολύχαλκον ἐπέπληγον πόδες ἵππων

ἂψ ἐπιμισγομένων· ὑπὸ δʼ ἔστρεφον ἡνιοχῆες.

οἳ δὲ μένος χειρῶν ἰθὺς φέρον· ἀμφὶ δὲ νύκτα

θοῦρος Ἄρης ἐκάλυψε μάχῃ Τρώεσσιν ἀρήγων

πάντοσʼ ἐποιχόμενος· τοῦ δʼ ἐκραίαινεν ἐφετμὰς

Φοίβου Ἀπόλλωνος χρυσαόρου, ὅς μιν ἀνώγει

Τρωσὶν θυμὸν ἐγεῖραι, ἐπεὶ ἴδε Παλλάδʼ Ἀθήνην

οἰχομένην· ἣ γάρ ῥα πέλεν Δαναοῖσιν ἀρηγών.

αὐτὸς δʼ Αἰνείαν μάλα πίονος ἐξ ἀδύτοιο

ἧκε, καὶ ἐν στήθεσσι μένος βάλε ποιμένι λαῶν.

Αἰνείας δʼ ἑτάροισι μεθίστατο· τοὶ δὲ χάρησαν,

ὡς εἶδον ζωόν τε καὶ ἀρτεμέα προσιόντα

καὶ μένος ἐσθλὸν ἔχοντα· μετάλλησάν γε μὲν οὔ τι.

οὐ γὰρ ἔα πόνος ἄλλος, ὃν ἀργυρότοξος ἔγειρεν

Ἄρης τε βροτολοιγὸς Ἔρις τʼ ἄμοτον μεμαυῖα.

τοὺς δʼ Αἴαντε δύω καὶ Ὀδυσσεὺς καὶ Διομήδης

The two Ajaxes, Odysseus and Diomedes, cheered the Danaans on, fearless of the fury and onset of the Trojans. They stood as still as clouds which the son of Kronos has spread upon the mountain tops when there is no air and fierce Boreas sleeps with the other boisterous winds whose shrill blasts scatter the clouds in all directions - even so did the Danaans stand firm and unflinching against the Trojans. The son of Atreus went about among them and exhorted them. "My friends," said he, "quit yourselves like brave men, and shun dishonor in one another's eyes amid the stress of battle.

ὄτρυνον Δαναοὺς πολεμιζέμεν· οἳ δὲ καὶ αὐτοὶ

οὔτε βίας Τρώων ὑπεδείδισαν οὔτε ἰωκάς,

ἀλλʼ ἔμενον νεφέλῃσιν ἐοικότες ἅς τε Κρονίων

νηνεμίης ἔστησεν ἐπʼ ἀκροπόλοισιν ὄρεσσιν

ἀτρέμας, ὄφρʼ εὕδῃσι μένος Βορέαο καὶ ἄλλων

ζαχρειῶν ἀνέμων, οἵ τε νέφεα σκιόεντα

πνοιῇσιν λιγυρῇσι διασκιδνᾶσιν ἀέντες·

ὣς Δαναοὶ Τρῶας μένον ἔμπεδον οὐδὲ φέβοντο.

Ἀτρεΐδης δʼ ἀνʼ ὅμιλον ἐφοίτα πολλὰ κελεύων·

ὦ φίλοι ἀνέρες ἔστε καὶ ἄλκιμον ἦτορ ἕλεσθε,

ἀλλήλους τʼ αἰδεῖσθε κατὰ κρατερὰς ὑσμίνας·

They that shun dishonor more often live than get killed, but they that flee save neither life nor name [ kleos ]."

αἰδομένων ἀνδρῶν πλέονες σόοι ἠὲ πέφανται·

φευγόντων δʼ οὔτʼ ἂρ κλέος ὄρνυται οὔτε τις ἀλκή.

As he spoke he hurled his spear and hit one of those who were in the front rank, the comrade of Aeneas, Deikoön son of Pergasus, whom the Trojans held in no less honor than the sons of Priam, for he was ever quick to place himself among the foremost. The spear of King Agamemnon struck his shield and went right through it, for the shield stayed it not. It drove through his belt into the lower part of his belly, and his armor rang rattling round him as he fell heavily to the ground.

ἦ καὶ ἀκόντισε δουρὶ θοῶς, βάλε δὲ πρόμον ἄνδρα

Αἰνείω ἕταρον μεγαθύμου Δηϊκόωντα

Περγασίδην, ὃν Τρῶες ὁμῶς Πριάμοιο τέκεσσι

τῖον, ἐπεὶ θοὸς ἔσκε μετὰ πρώτοισι μάχεσθαι.

τόν ῥα κατʼ ἀσπίδα δουρὶ βάλε κρείων Ἀγαμέμνων·

ἣ δʼ οὐκ ἔγχος ἔρυτο, διὰ πρὸ δὲ εἴσατο χαλκός,

νειαίρῃ δʼ ἐν γαστρὶ διὰ ζωστῆρος ἔλασσε·

δούπησεν δὲ πεσών, ἀράβησε δὲ τεύχεʼ ἐπʼ αὐτῷ.

Then Aeneas killed two champions of the Danaans, Crethon and Orsilokhos. Their father was a rich man who lived in the strong city of Phere and was descended from the river Alpheus, whose broad stream flows through the land of the Pylians. The river begat Orsilokhos, who ruled over many people and was father to Diokles, who in his turn begat twin sons, Crethon and Orsilokhos, well skilled in all the arts of war. These, when they grew up, went to Ilion with the Argive fleet in honor [ timê ] of Menelaos and Agamemnon sons of Atreus, and there they both of them reached the final outcome [ telos ]. As two lions whom their dam has reared in the depths of some mountain forest to plunder homesteads and carry off sheep and cattle till they get killed by the hand of man, so were these two vanquished by Aeneas, and fell like high pine-trees to the ground.

ἔνθʼ αὖτʼ Αἰνείας Δαναῶν ἕλεν ἄνδρας ἀρίστους

υἷε Διοκλῆος Κρήθωνά τε Ὀρσίλοχόν τε,

τῶν ῥα πατὴρ μὲν ἔναιεν ἐϋκτιμένῃ ἐνὶ Φηρῇ

ἀφνειὸς βιότοιο, γένος δʼ ἦν ἐκ ποταμοῖο

Ἀλφειοῦ, ὅς τʼ εὐρὺ ῥέει Πυλίων διὰ γαίης,

ὃς τέκετʼ Ὀρτίλοχον πολέεσσʼ ἄνδρεσσιν ἄνακτα·

Ὀρτίλοχος δʼ ἄρʼ ἔτικτε Διοκλῆα μεγάθυμον,

ἐκ δὲ Διοκλῆος διδυμάονε παῖδε γενέσθην,

Κρήθων Ὀρσίλοχός τε μάχης εὖ εἰδότε πάσης.

τὼ μὲν ἄρʼ ἡβήσαντε μελαινάων ἐπὶ νηῶν

Ἴλιον εἰς εὔπωλον ἅμʼ Ἀργείοισιν ἑπέσθην,

τιμὴν Ἀτρεΐδῃς Ἀγαμέμνονι καὶ Μενελάῳ

ἀρνυμένω· τὼ δʼ αὖθι τέλος θανάτοιο κάλυψεν.

οἵω τώ γε λέοντε δύω ὄρεος κορυφῇσιν

ἐτραφέτην ὑπὸ μητρὶ βαθείης τάρφεσιν ὕλης·

τὼ μὲν ἄρʼ ἁρπάζοντε βόας καὶ ἴφια μῆλα

σταθμοὺς ἀνθρώπων κεραΐζετον, ὄφρα καὶ αὐτὼ

ἀνδρῶν ἐν παλάμῃσι κατέκταθεν ὀξέϊ χαλκῷ·

τοίω τὼ χείρεσσιν ὑπʼ Αἰνείαο δαμέντε

καππεσέτην, ἐλάτῃσιν ἐοικότες ὑψηλῇσι.

Brave Menelaos pitied them in their fall, and made his way to the front, clad in gleaming bronze and brandishing his spear, for Ares egged him on to do so with intent that he should be killed by Aeneas; but Antilokhos the son of Nestor saw him and sprang forward, fearing that the king might come to harm and thus bring all their labor [ ponos ] to nothing; when, therefore Aeneas and Menelaos were setting their hands and spears against one another eager to do battle, Antilokhos placed himself by the side of Menelaos.

τὼ δὲ πεσόντʼ ἐλέησεν ἀρηΐφιλος Μενέλαος,

βῆ δὲ διὰ προμάχων κεκορυθμένος αἴθοπι χαλκῷ

σείων ἐγχείην· τοῦ δʼ ὄτρυνεν μένος Ἄρης,

τὰ φρονέων ἵνα χερσὶν ὑπʼ Αἰνείαο δαμείη.

τὸν δʼ ἴδεν Ἀντίλοχος μεγαθύμου Νέστορος υἱός,

βῆ δὲ διὰ προμάχων· περὶ γὰρ δίε ποιμένι λαῶν

μή τι πάθοι, μέγα δέ σφας ἀποσφήλειε πόνοιο.

τὼ μὲν δὴ χεῖράς τε καὶ ἔγχεα ὀξυόεντα

ἀντίον ἀλλήλων ἐχέτην μεμαῶτε μάχεσθαι·

Ἀντίλοχος δὲ μάλʼ ἄγχι παρίστατο ποιμένι λαῶν.

Αἰνείας δʼ οὐ μεῖνε θοός περ ἐὼν πολεμιστὴς

Aeneas, bold though he was, drew back on seeing the two heroes side by side in front of him, so they drew the bodies of Crethon and Orsilokhos to the ranks of the Achaeans and committed the two poor men into the hands of their comrades. They then turned back and fought in the front ranks.

ὡς εἶδεν δύο φῶτε παρʼ ἀλλήλοισι μένοντε.

οἳ δʼ ἐπεὶ οὖν νεκροὺς ἔρυσαν μετὰ λαὸν Ἀχαιῶν,

τὼ μὲν ἄρα δειλὼ βαλέτην ἐν χερσὶν ἑταίρων,

αὐτὼ δὲ στρεφθέντε μετὰ πρώτοισι μαχέσθην.

They killed Pylaimenes peer of Ares, leader of the Paphlagonian warriors. Menelaos struck him on the collar-bone as he was standing on his chariot, while Antilokhos hit his charioteer and squire [ therapôn ] Mydon, the son of Atymnios, who was turning his horses in flight. He hit him with a stone upon the elbow, and the reins, enriched with white ivory, fell from his hands into the dust. Antilokhos rushed towards him and struck him on the temples with his sword, whereon he fell head first from the chariot to the ground. There he stood for a while with his head and shoulders buried deep in the dust - for he had fallen on sandy soil till his horses kicked him and laid him flat on the ground, as Antilokhos lashed them and drove them off to the host of the Achaeans.

ἔνθα Πυλαιμένεα ἑλέτην ἀτάλαντον Ἄρηϊ

ἀρχὸν Παφλαγόνων μεγαθύμων ἀσπιστάων.

τὸν μὲν ἄρʼ Ἀτρεΐδης δουρικλειτὸς Μενέλαος

ἑσταότʼ ἔγχεϊ νύξε κατὰ κληῗδα τυχήσας·

Ἀντίλοχος δὲ Μύδωνα βάλʼ ἡνίοχον θεράποντα

ἐσθλὸν Ἀτυμνιάδην· ὃ δʼ ὑπέστρεφε μώνυχας ἵππους·

χερμαδίῳ ἀγκῶνα τυχὼν μέσον· ἐκ δʼ ἄρα χειρῶν

ἡνία λεύκʼ ἐλέφαντι χαμαὶ πέσον ἐν κονίῃσιν.

Ἀντίλοχος δʼ ἄρʼ ἐπαΐξας ξίφει ἤλασε κόρσην·

αὐτὰρ ὅ γʼ ἀσθμαίνων εὐεργέος ἔκπεσε δίφρου

κύμβαχος ἐν κονίῃσιν ἐπὶ βρεχμόν τε καὶ ὤμους.

δηθὰ μάλʼ ἑστήκει· τύχε γάρ ῥʼ ἀμάθοιο βαθείης·

ὄφρʼ ἵππω πλήξαντε χαμαὶ βάλον ἐν κονίῃσι·

τοὺς ἵμασʼ Ἀντίλοχος, μετὰ δὲ στρατὸν ἤλασʼ Ἀχαιῶν.

But Hektor marked them from across the ranks, and with a loud cry rushed towards them, followed by the strong battalions of the Trojans. Ares and dread Enyo led them on, she fraught with ruthless turmoil of battle, while Ares wielded a monstrous spear, and went about, now in front of Hektor and now behind him.

τοὺς δʼ Ἕκτωρ ἐνόησε κατὰ στίχας, ὦρτο δʼ ἐπʼ αὐτοὺς

κεκλήγων· ἅμα δὲ Τρώων εἵποντο φάλαγγες

καρτεραί· ἦρχε δʼ ἄρα σφιν Ἄρης καὶ πότνιʼ Ἐνυώ,

ἣ μὲν ἔχουσα Κυδοιμὸν ἀναιδέα δηϊοτῆτος,

Ἄρης δʼ ἐν παλάμῃσι πελώριον ἔγχος ἐνώμα,

φοίτα δʼ ἄλλοτε μὲν πρόσθʼ Ἕκτορος, ἄλλοτʼ ὄπισθε.

Diomedes shook with passion as he saw them. As a man crossing a wide plain is dismayed to find himself on the brink of some great river rolling swiftly to the sea - he sees its boiling waters and starts back in fear - even so did the son of Tydeus give ground. Then he said to his men, "My friends, how can we wonder that Hektor wields the spear so well? Some god is ever by his side to protect him, and now Ares is with him in the likeness of mortal man. Keep your faces therefore towards the Trojans, but give ground backwards, for we dare not fight with gods."

τὸν δὲ ἰδὼν ῥίγησε βοὴν ἀγαθὸς Διομήδης·

ὡς δʼ ὅτʼ ἀνὴρ ἀπάλαμνος ἰὼν πολέος πεδίοιο

στήῃ ἐπʼ ὠκυρόῳ ποταμῷ ἅλα δὲ προρέοντι

ἀφρῷ μορμύροντα ἰδών, ἀνά τʼ ἔδραμʼ ὀπίσσω,

ὣς τότε Τυδεΐδης ἀνεχάζετο, εἶπέ τε λαῷ·

ὦ φίλοι οἷον δὴ θαυμάζομεν Ἕκτορα δῖον

αἰχμητήν τʼ ἔμεναι καὶ θαρσαλέον πολεμιστήν·

τῷ δʼ αἰεὶ πάρα εἷς γε θεῶν, ὃς λοιγὸν ἀμύνει·

καὶ νῦν οἱ πάρα κεῖνος Ἄρης βροτῷ ἀνδρὶ ἐοικώς.

ἀλλὰ πρὸς Τρῶας τετραμμένοι αἰὲν ὀπίσσω

εἴκετε, μηδὲ θεοῖς μενεαινέμεν ἶφι μάχεσθαι.

As he spoke the Trojans drew close up, and Hektor killed two men, both in one chariot, Menesthes and Anchialos, heroes well versed in war. Ajax son of Telamon pitied them in their fall; he came close up and hurled his spear, hitting Amphios the son of Selagus, a man of great wealth who lived in Paesus and owned much grain-growing land, but his lot had led him to come to the aid of Priam and his sons. Ajax struck him in the belt; the spear pierced the lower part of his belly, and he fell heavily to the ground. Then Ajax ran towards him to strip him of his armor, but the Trojans rained spears upon him, many of which fell upon his shield. He planted his heel upon the body and drew out his spear, but the darts pressed so heavily upon him that he could not strip the goodly armor from his shoulders. The Trojan chieftains, moreover, many and valiant, came about him with their spears, so that he dared not stay; great, brave and valiant though he was, they drove him from them and he was beaten back.

ὣς ἄρʼ ἔφη, Τρῶες δὲ μάλα σχεδὸν ἤλυθον αὐτῶν.

ἔνθʼ Ἕκτωρ δύο φῶτε κατέκτανεν εἰδότε χάρμης

εἰν ἑνὶ δίφρῳ ἐόντε, Μενέσθην Ἀγχίαλόν τε.

τὼ δὲ πεσόντʼ ἐλέησε μέγας Τελαμώνιος Αἴας·

στῆ δὲ μάλʼ ἐγγὺς ἰών, καὶ ἀκόντισε δουρὶ φαεινῷ,

καὶ βάλεν Ἄμφιον Σελάγου υἱόν, ὅς ῥʼ ἐνὶ Παισῷ

ναῖε πολυκτήμων πολυλήϊος· ἀλλά ἑ μοῖρα

ἦγʼ ἐπικουρήσοντα μετὰ Πρίαμόν τε καὶ υἷας.

τόν ῥα κατὰ ζωστῆρα βάλεν Τελαμώνιος Αἴας,

νειαίρῃ δʼ ἐν γαστρὶ πάγη δολιχόσκιον ἔγχος,

δούπησεν δὲ πεσών· ὃ δʼ ἐπέδραμε φαίδιμος Αἴας

τεύχεα συλήσων· Τρῶες δʼ ἐπὶ δούρατʼ ἔχευαν

ὀξέα παμφανόωντα· σάκος δʼ ἀνεδέξατο πολλά.

αὐτὰρ ὃ λὰξ προσβὰς ἐκ νεκροῦ χάλκεον ἔγχος

ἐσπάσατʼ· οὐδʼ ἄρʼ ἔτʼ ἄλλα δυνήσατο τεύχεα καλὰ

ὤμοιιν ἀφελέσθαι· ἐπείγετο γὰρ βελέεσσι.

δεῖσε δʼ ὅ γʼ ἀμφίβασιν κρατερὴν Τρώων ἀγερώχων,

οἳ πολλοί τε καὶ ἐσθλοὶ ἐφέστασαν ἔγχεʼ ἔχοντες,

οἵ ἑ μέγαν περ ἐόντα καὶ ἴφθιμον καὶ ἀγαυὸν

Thus, then, did the battle rage between them. Presently the strong hand of fate impelled Tlepolemos, the son of Herakles, a man both brave and of great stature, to fight Sarpedon; so the two, son and grandson of great Zeus, drew near to one another, and Tlepolemos spoke first. "Sarpedon," said he, "councilor of the Lycians, why should you come skulking here you who are a man of peace? They lie who call you son of aegis-bearing Zeus, for you are little like those who were of old his children. Far other was Herakles, my own brave and lion-hearted father, who came here for the horses of Laomedon, and though he had six ships only, and few men to follow him, sacked the city of Ilion and made a wilderness of her highways. You are a coward, and your people are falling from you. For all your strength, and all your coming from Lycia , you will be no help to the Trojans but will pass the gates of Hades vanquished by my hand."

ὦσαν ἀπὸ σφείων· ὃ δὲ χασσάμενος πελεμίχθη.

ὣς οἳ μὲν πονέοντο κατὰ κρατερὴν ὑσμίνην·

Τληπόλεμον δʼ Ἡρακλεΐδην ἠΰν τε μέγαν τε

ὦρσεν ἐπʼ ἀντιθέῳ Σαρπηδόνι μοῖρα κραταιή.

οἳ δʼ ὅτε δὴ σχεδὸν ἦσαν ἐπʼ ἀλλήλοισιν ἰόντες

υἱός θʼ υἱωνός τε Διὸς νεφεληγερέταο,

τὸν καὶ Τληπόλεμος πρότερος πρὸς μῦθον ἔειπε·

Σαρπῆδον Λυκίων βουληφόρε, τίς τοι ἀνάγκη

πτώσσειν ἐνθάδʼ ἐόντι μάχης ἀδαήμονι φωτί;

ψευδόμενοι δέ σέ φασι Διὸς γόνον αἰγιόχοιο

εἶναι, ἐπεὶ πολλὸν κείνων ἐπιδεύεαι ἀνδρῶν

οἳ Διὸς ἐξεγένοντο ἐπὶ προτέρων ἀνθρώπων·

ἀλλʼ οἷόν τινά φασι βίην Ἡρακληείην

εἶναι, ἐμὸν πατέρα θρασυμέμνονα θυμολέοντα·

ὅς ποτε δεῦρʼ ἐλθὼν ἕνεχʼ ἵππων Λαομέδοντος

ἓξ οἴῃς σὺν νηυσὶ καὶ ἀνδράσι παυροτέροισιν

Ἰλίου ἐξαλάπαξε πόλιν, χήρωσε δʼ ἀγυιάς·

σοὶ δὲ κακὸς μὲν θυμός, ἀποφθινύθουσι δὲ λαοί.

οὐδέ τί σε Τρώεσσιν ὀΐομαι ἄλκαρ ἔσεσθαι

ἐλθόντʼ ἐκ Λυκίης, οὐδʼ εἰ μάλα καρτερός ἐσσι,

ἀλλʼ ὑπʼ ἐμοὶ δμηθέντα πύλας Ἀΐδαο περήσειν.

And Sarpedon, leader of the Lycians, answered, "Tlepolemos, your father overthrew Ilion by reason of Laomedon's folly in refusing payment to one who had served him well. He would not give your father the horses which he had come so far to fetch. As for yourself, you shall meet death by my spear. You shall yield glory to myself, and your soul [ psukhê ] to Hades of the noble steeds."